Arthrokinematics

Question 1

Define arthrokinematics.

Answer 1

Describes the motion that occurs btwn the articular surfaces of joints

Question 2

True/False: Most joint surfaces are curved w/1 surface being relatively convex/concave.

Answer 2

TRUE

Question 3

Define convex.

Answer 3

Curved/rounded outward

Question 4

Define concave.

Answer 4

Hollowed/Rounded inward

Question 5

What is the convex-concave relationship?

Answer 5

Increases contact surface area of joint, contributes to increased joint stability, increases dissipation of contact forces, helps guide motions btwn bones

Question 6

What are the 5 movements that occur btwn joint surfaces?

Answer 6

Roll, slide, spin, distraction/longitudinal traction, compression

Question 7

What is the definition of the movement ‘roll’?

Answer 7

multiple points along one rotating articular surface contact multiple points on another articular surface

Question 8

What does the movement ‘roll’ occur with, where, and give an example?

Answer 8

Combo w/ sliding/spinning, incongruent/unequal surfaces, femoral condyles rolling on tibial plateau

Question 9

What is the definition of the movement ‘slide/glide’? Give an example.

Answer 9

single point on 1 articular surface, the more congruent the surfaces are the more sliding there is
carpal bones sliding along their facet surfaces

Question 10

What is the definition of the movement ‘spin’? Give an example.

Answer 10

Single point on 1 articular surface rotates on a single point on another articular surface (rotates around a stationary longitudinal mechanical axis)
Head of the radius at the humeroradial joint during pronation/supination

Question 11

What is the definition of the movement ‘distraction & longitudinal traction’? What is it used for?

Answer 11

Joint surfaces are pulled apart, used to stretch a joint capsule & mobilize a joint

Question 12

What is the definition of the movement ‘compression’?

Answer 12

Decrease in the space btwn 2 joint surfaces, adds stability to a joint, normal response to muscle contraction

Question 13

What is the convex-on-concave & concave-on-convex rule?

Answer 13

Describes the relationship of rolling & sliding motion w/in a joint when 1 joint surface is convex & the other surface is concave

Question 14

What is the convex-on-concave motion?

Answer 14

When the concave side of a joint is stabilized (anchored) the convex joint surface slides (glides) in the opposite direction as it rolls

Question 15

What is the concave-on-convex motion?

Answer 15

When the convex side of a joint is stabilized (anchored) the concave joint surface slides (glides) in the same direction as it rolls

Question 16

What is the clinical significance of the C-C rules?

Answer 16

Serve as a basis for joint mobilization techniques, mobilizing a joint to restore movement requires that the clinician apply external forces to the joint that facilitate (restore) the natural arthrokinematic motions as the joint

Question 17

What are physiological movements?

Answer 17

movement of bones done voluntarily osteokinematics

Question 18

What are accessory movements?

Answer 18

Name given to the arthrokinematic movements w/in the joint & surrounding tissues that are necessary for normal joint range of motion, but cannot be performed voluntarily. (necessarily for full range of physiological motion to occur, ligament & joint capsule limitations (tightness) cause movement restrictions/aberrant joint motion)

Question 19

What is joint play?

Answer 19

motions that occur w/in the joint but only as a response to an outside force, determined by joint’s capsule’s laxity, can be demonstrated passively but not performed activelly

Question 20

What is end-feel?

Answer 20

way to interpret & measure joint play movements

Question 21

How does the treatment in regards to the CC Rules look like?

Answer 21

Tx often combines facilitation of physiological mobilization (osteokinematic) & accessory movements (arthrokinematic) to restore a particular jt movement. Follow CC rule to restore norm. joint play which will increase pain-free jt range of motion.