ARTHROKINEMATICS Flashcards
UPPER CERVICAL
C0-C1 (OA)
convex on concave → roll anterior, posterior force with shoulder on patient’s forehead
UPPER CERVICAL
C1-C2 (AA):
Convex on convex → contra coupling
Rotate right, C1 SB left (posterior condyle of C2 is 2x steep as anterior surface)
MIDDLE CERVICAL
C3-C6
SADDLE joint
Sagittal plane: concave on convex → flexion/extension same roll/glide
Frontal plane: convex on concave
Ipsi coupling: same side rotation and SB
UNCINATE PROCESS ON C3-7: if there’s degeneration of the neck and ONLY decreased sidebending, assume it’s the uncinate process!
Lower Cervical
C7-T4
Sagittal plane: concave on convex → flexion/extension same roll/glide
Frontal plane: convex on concave → opp
Ipsi coupling: same side rotation and SB
AC JOINT
Flexion –>
Extension –>
Adduction –>
Abduction –>
Internal rotation –>
External rotation –>
Synovial planar joint
Posterior rotation of clavicle occurs with upwards rotation of scapula
Flexion –> Posterior spin (roll superiorly, glide inferiorly)
Extension –> Anterior spin (roll inferiorly, glide superiorly)
Adduction –> Superior glide
Abduction –> Inferior glide
Internal rotation –> Anterior glide
External rotation –> Superior glide
SC JOINT
Medial clavicle:
Clavicular elevation:
Clavicular posterior roll:
Flexion–>
Extension–>
Horizontal abduction and protraction–>
Horizontal adduction and retraction –>
Saddle joint
Medial clavicle: concave AP, convex superior-inferior
Clavicular elevation: convex on concave → rolls up, glide down
Clavicular posterior roll: concave on convex → roll and glide posterior
Flexion–> Inferior glide
Extension–> Superior glide
Horizontal abduction and protraction–> Anterior glide and roll
Horizontal adduction and retraction –> Posterior glide and roll
GHJ
FLEX, IR, HORIZ ADD –>
EXT, ER –>
ABDUCTION –>
ADDUCTION –>
Ball and socket
Convex on concave: opposite
FLEX, IR, HORIZ ADD –> anterior roll, posterior glide
EXT, ER –> posterior roll, anterior glide (only mob if frozen shoulder)
ABDUCTION –> superior roll, inferior glide
ADDUCTION –> inferior roll, superior glide
Humeroulnar Joint
Concave ulna on AP surface:
Flexion: anterior roll and glide
Extension: posterior roll and glide
*Convex ulna on medial-lateral surface (opp)
Humeroradial Joint
Uniaxial hinge joint, slight incongruence since humerus’ capitulum is slightly larger than radial head fovea
Concave radius on convex capitulum: same roll and glide
Flexion: Anterior roll and glide
Extension: posterior roll and glide
PRUJ
Convex radial head on concave ulna (radial notch)
Supination: roll posterior, glides anterior
Pronation: rolls anterior, slides posterior
*Ulna moves too! Pronation = lateral/posterior, Supination = medial anterior (PULP, SMA)
DRUJ
Concave radius on convex ulna: same roll and glide
Supination: radius dorsal glide
Pronation: radius volar glide
Radiocarpal Joint
Convex carpals on concave radius: moves a lot!
- Wrist extension: roll posterior, Volar/anterior glide of carpals
- Wrist flexion: roll anterior, dorsal/posterior glide of carpals
- Radial deviation: carpals roll radially, glide ulnarly
- Ulnar deviation: carpals roll ulnarly, glide radially
*in CKC, concave radius moving on convex carpals: same direction!
Midcarpal Joints
Distal carpals as one unit moving on proximal carpals
Do the same arthrokinematics as the radiocarpal
Convex on concave
- Wrist extension: roll posterior, Volar/anterior glide of carpals
- Wrist flexion: roll anterior, dorsal/posterior glide of carpals
- Radial deviation: carpals roll radially, glide ulnarly
- Ulnar deviation: carpals roll ulnarly, glide radially
Metacarpals on carpals
2nd and 3rd: rigid/stable axis
4th and 5th: roll and glide same direction
MCP Joint
concave base of phalanx moving on convex metacarpal
Same direction
PIPs and DIPs
Concave on convex: Same direction
CMC Joint (thumb)
Saddle joint
OPPOSITE in abduction/adduction: Convex on concave
SAME in flexion/extension: concave on convex
