Artherosclerosis Flashcards
1
Q
Epidemiology of Artherosclerosis
A
M>F , increases with age Western disease leading cause of mortality Men>45, W>55 Risk factors are: hypertension high cholesterol (LDL) Diabetes/Obesity Smoking Genetic/Family History Lack of exercise
2
Q
Atieology
A
exact cause not known but plaque build up well studied, limits blood flow
3
Q
Natural History
A
formation of plaques, occlude 70% serious problem, may rapture and become and thrombus,
4
Q
Manifestations
A
initially asymptomatic, often for decades
notice as difficulty with breathing/exercise
5
Q
Symptoms
A
angina
pain/weakness in leg/
shortness of breath
confusion
6
Q
Signs
A
pale colour in LEX
poor perfusion upon palpation
difficulty exhaling/speech maybe affected
7
Q
Complications
A
increased risk of Angina,MI,TIA, Stroke Plaque ruptures = thrombus -> rapid growth of plaque acute ischemic event Embolism Aortic aneurysm/Dissection Peripheral arterial disease: Claudication. Acute limb ischaemia. Visceral ischaemia: Renal artery stenosis. Mesenteric angina and mesenteric infarction.
8
Q
Prognosis
A
improves with modifying risk factors
