arterial supply of the eye & orbit Exam

Question 1

Which veins drain blood from structures within the eyeball?

Answer 1

• anterior ciliary veins
• vortex veins
• central retinal vein

Question 2

Describe the ophthalmic artery?

Answer 2

• it is a branch of the internal carotid artery
• emerges from the roof of the cavernous sinus

Question 3

Which arteries supply the major arterial circle of the iris?

Answer 3

-long posterior ciliary arteries
-anterior ciliary arteries

Question 4

venous drainage from the optic nerve is primarily through the _________?

Answer 4

central retinal vein

Question 5

What are associated symptoms of arteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy?

Answer 5

-temporal pain
- scalp tenderness
- jaw claudication

Question 6

What artery arises from the external carotid circulation?

Answer 6

facial artery

Question 7

What does the foveal avascular zone lack?

Answer 7

Lacks intra-retinal capillaries

Question 8

Describe the appearance of a central retinal artery occlusion?

Answer 8

“Cherry red spot” at the center of the fovea

Question 9

Which artery is commonly the source of nose bleeds?

Answer 9

Anterior ethmoidal artery

Question 10

Where do the anterior ciliary arteries arise?

Answer 10

Arise from muscular arteries that supply the rectus muscles

Question 11

What artery supplies the anterior choroid and iris?

Answer 11

Long posterior ciliary arteries

Question 12

What artery supplies the nasal cavity?

Answer 12

Anterior ethmoidal artery

Question 13

What artery supplies the forehead region?

Answer 13

Supraorbital artery

Question 14

What artery supplies the lower eyelid and cheek?

Answer 14

Infraorbital artery

Question 15

What artery supplies the episclera and conjunctiva?

Answer 15

Anterior ciliary arteries

Question 16

What artery supplies the ganglion cell layer of the retina?

Answer 16

Central retinal artery

Question 17

What is a transient ischemic attack & causes, why is this urgent?

Answer 17

-Brief neurological dysfunction resulting from cerebral infraction
-Causes: blockage of a vessel by plaque, embolus or reduced blood flow
-This requires urgent medical attention because it can develop into a stroke

Question 18

Where does the ophthalmic artery enter the orbit?

Answer 18

Through the optic canal

Question 19

The laminar and the pre-laminar regions of the optic nerve are supplied by the?

Answer 19

Short posterior ciliary arteries

Question 20

Which clinical condition is likely to lead to hemorrhage in all four retinal quadrants?

Answer 20

Central retinal vein occlusion

Question 21

Major blood supply to the eye and the orbits is via ___?

Answer 21

The internal choroid artery

Question 22

Minor supply to the ocular adnexa and inferior orbit ___?

Answer 22

External choroid artery

Question 23

How does the internal choroid artery enter the skull?

Answer 23

Through the carotid canal in the petrous portion of the temporal bone

Question 24

List all the branches of the ophthalmic artery? (11)

Answer 24

1. Central retinal artery *
2. Lacrimal artery
3. Long posterior ciliary artery *
4. Short posterior ciliary artery *
5. Muscular arteries (anterior ciliary arteries*)
6. Posterior ethmoidal artery
7. Supraorbital artery
8. Anterior ethmoidal artery
9. Medial palpebral arteries
10. Supratrochlear artery
11. Dorsonasal artery

Question 25

Describe the central retinal artery?

Answer 25

-smallest branch of the ophthalmic artery (usually the first branch)
- supplies inner retinal layers

Question 26

Muscular arteries supply ____?

Answer 26

• anterior segment of eye
• limbal and bulbar conj
  -episclera
  -uvea

Question 27

What 3 main arteries supply the orbital structures?

Answer 27

1. Facial artery
2. Superficial temporal artery
3. Maxillary artery

Question 28

What does the maxillary artery supply?

Answer 28

• lower eyelid
• nose and cheek
• inferior rectus and inferior oblique muscles