arterial

Question 1

is used to collect blood specimen for
atrial blood gas analysis (ABG) to manage
cardiopulmonary disorders and maintain the acid-base
balance of the body.

Answer 1

Arterial puncture

Question 2

 It is the ideal specimen for respiratory function
evaluation due to the consistency of its composition
and high oxygen content.

Answer 2

Arterial puncture

Question 3

it is more technically challenging and hazardous than
venipuncture therefore the phlebotomist should have a
thorough understanding of the procedure to minimize
pain and maintain accuracy of the results.

Answer 3

Arterial puncture

Question 4

Arterial puncture is the ideal specimen for respiratory function evaluation due to the

Answer 4

consistency of its composition
and high oxygen content

Question 5

The Arterial Blood Gas testing provides information about:

Answer 5

1. Oxygenation
2. Ventilation
3. Acid-base balance

Question 6

Arterial puncture is used to collect blood specimen for

Answer 6

atrial blood gas analysis (ABG)

Question 7

Arterial puncture is used to collect blood specimen for
atrial blood gas analysis (ABG) to manage

Answer 7

cardiopulmonary disorders and maintain the acid-base
balance of the body

Question 8

It is the ideal specimen for respiratory function
evaluation due to the consistency of its composition
and high oxygen content.

Answer 8

ARTERIAL PUNCTURE

Question 9

It is the ideal specimen for respiratory function
evaluation due to the

Answer 9

consistency of its composition
and high oxygen content

Question 10

It is more technically challenging and hazardous than
venipuncture therefore the phlebotomist should have a
thorough understanding of the procedure to minimize
pain and maintain accuracy of the results.

Answer 10

ARTERIAL PUNCTURE

Question 11

a measure of acidity or alkalinity of blood (acidosis or alkalosis)

Answer 11

pH

Question 12

normal range of pH

Answer 12

7.35-7.45

Question 13

partial pressure of O2 dissolved in arterial blood

Answer 13

PaO2

Question 14

normal range of PaO2

Answer 14

80-100 mm Hg

Question 15

partial pressure of CO2 dissolved in arterial blood

Answer 15

PaCO2

Question 16

normal range of PaCO2

Answer 16

35-45 mm Hg

Question 17

a measure of bicarbonate in blood

Answer 17

HCO2

Question 18

normal range of HCO2

Answer 18

22-26 mEq/L

Question 19

Percent O2 bound to hemoglobin

Answer 19

O2 sat

Question 20

normal range of O2 sat

Answer 20

97%-100%

Question 21

a calculation of non respiratory part of acid base balance

Answer 21

base excess

Question 22

normal range of base excess

Answer 22

-2-+2 mEq/L

Question 23

Who should collect an Arterial Specimen?

Answer 23

 Nurses
 Medical Technologists and Technicians
 Respiratory Therapists
 Emergency Medical Technicians
 Level II Phlebotomists

Question 24

Health workers who collect arterial specimens should have

Answer 24

extensive skills
and knowledge on the performance of the procedure, and should undergo
periodic evaluation.

Question 25

(most commonly used site located in
the thumb site of the wrist)

Answer 25

RADIAL ARTERY

Question 26

• Good collateral circulation
• Easy to palpate
• Less chance of hematoma
formation after collection

Answer 26

RADIAL ARTERY

Question 27

Disadvantage
• Necessitates considerable skill to
puncture because it is small in size
• Difficult to locate in patients with
hypovolemia or low cardiac output
• Arteries of the arm and hand

Answer 27

RADIAL ARTERY

Question 28

(located in the medial anterior of the
antecubital fossa)

Answer 28

BRACHIAL ARTERY

Question 29

• Relatively easy to puncture and
palpate due to size
• Sometimes the preferred artery
for a large volume of blood
• Adequate collateral circulation

Answer 29

BRACHIAL ARTERY

Question 30

• Deeper and can be harder to palpate
than radial artery
• Lies close to basilic vain; risk of
mistakenly puncturing it
• Lies close to the median nerve; risk of
pain and nerve damage
• Increased risk of hematoma formation

Answer 30

BRACHIAL ARTERY

Question 31

(located in the groin lateral to the
pubic bone)

Answer 31

FEMORAL ARTERY

Question 32

• Large, easily palpated and
punctured
• Sometimes the only site where
arterial sampling is possible

Question 33

• Poor collateral circulation
• Lies close to the femoral vein
• Increased risk of infection because of
location and pubic hair
• Risk of dislodging plaque build-up from
inner artery walls
• Requires extended monitoring for
hematoma formation

Answer 33

FEMORAL ARTERY

Question 34

ABG REQUISITION would be preferable if it indicates the following:

Answer 34

 Current body temperature
 Respiratory rate
 Ventilation status
 Fraction on inspired oxygen
 Prescribed flow rate in liters per minute

Question 35

EQUIPMENT NEEDED FOR ARTERIAL PUNCTURE:

Answer 35

• Antiseptic
• Local anesthetic to numb the site (optional)
• Shart, short-bevel hypodermic needle
• 1-5 mL self-filling syringe
• Bubble removal cap to cover the end of the needle after needle removal
• Coolant
• 2x2 inch gauze squares to hold pressure
• Self-adhering gauze bandage to wrap the site
• Identification and labeling materials
• Puncture-resistant sharps container for proper disposal

Question 36

Involuntary contraction of the artery

Answer 36

ARTERIOSPASM

Question 37

Results from repeated punctures on the same site

Answer 37

ARTERY DAMAGE

Question 38

Can be avoided by using local anesthesia as ordered by the physician

Answer 38

DISCOMFORT

Question 39

Observe proper preparation in the pre-analytical phase

Answer 39

INFECTION

Question 40

Avoid multiple puncture on a single site

Answer 40

HEMATOMA

Question 41

Should be addressed and reported immediately to the nurse or physician

Answer 41

NUMBNESS

Question 42

Must be reported to the nurse or physician immediately

Answer 42

THROMBUS FORMATION

Question 43

VASOVAGAL RESPONSE

Answer 43

Remove the needle, activate the safety device, maintain pressure over the site, and follow the syncope procedure