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2D Foundations: Plane & Color > Art Speak List 01 > Flashcards

Art Speak List 01 Flashcards

1
Q

Orientation

A

A line’s horizontal, vertical, or diagonal position

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2
Q

Direction

A

Implied movement of a line

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3
Q

Continuity

A

Linear flow

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4
Q

Contour lines

A

Define the edges of an object

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5
Q

Gesture drawing

A

Captures essential action rather than describing every detail

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6
Q

Volume summary

A

Communicates information using basic volumes

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7
Q

Calligraphic lines

A

“Beautiful writing”; personal and highly expressive lines

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8
Q

Organizational lines

A

Create the loose linear “skeleton” on which to build a composition

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9
Q

Implied lines

A

Suggest connections without actually being drawn

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10
Q

Closure

A

The inclination to connect fragmentary information

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11
Q

Hatching

A

Produces a range of grays through straight parallel lines

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12
Q

Cross-hatching

A

Hatching with many layers of lines at various angles

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13
Q

Cross-contours

A

“Map” surface variations across shapes or objects

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14
Q

Volume

A

A 3D enclosure

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15
Q

Gradation & Shading

A

Used to make a 2D shape appear 3D

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16
Q

Positive shape/figure

A

A shape that is distinguished from the background

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17
Q

Negative shape/Ground

A

Shape/figure that surround the positive shape/figure

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18
Q

Figure/ground reversal

A

Occurs when first the positive and then the negative shapes command our attention

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19
Q

Rectilinear shapes

A

Composed from straight lines & angular corners

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20
Q

Curvilinear shapes

A

Composed from curves and flowing edges

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21
Q

Geometric shapes

A

Include crisp, precise edges and mathematically consistent curves; found in architecture and industry

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22
Q

Organic shapes

A

Appear commonly in the natural world

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23
Q

Collage

A

Constructed from visual fragments designed for another purpose

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24
Q

Physical texture

A

Creates variations in a surface

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25
Q

Visual texture

A

An illusion created by marks that simulate physical texture

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26
Q

Stippling

A

Patterns of dots that create visual texture

27
Q

Invented texture

A

Uses shapes that have no direct reference to perceptual reality

28
Q

Trompe l’oeil

A

“To fool the eye”; visual texture that so closely resembles reality that deception occurs

29
Q

Value

A

The relative lightness or darkness of a surface

30
Q

Value scale

A

Shows a range of values side by side

31
Q

Value contrast

A

The amount of difference in values

32
Q

Value distribution

A

The proportion and arrangement of lights and darks in a composition

33
Q

Grisaille

A

A gray underpainting that creates the illusion of three-dimensionality

34
Q

Atmospheric perspective

A

An effect where dark values in the foreground gradually fade until they become indistinct in the background

35
Q

Chiaroscuro

A

“Light-dark”; a primary light source is used to create six or more values against a dark background

36
Q

Composition

A

The combination of multiple parts into a unified whole

37
Q

Unity

A

Similarity, oneness, togetherness, cohesion

38
Q

Variety

A

Difference

39
Q

Gestalt psychology

A

Claims that we understand information holistically before we examine it separately

40
Q

Grouping

A

We group visual units by location, orientation, shape, and color

41
Q

Containment

A

Unifying force created by the outer edge of a composition or boundary within the composition

42
Q

Repetition

A

Occurs when the same visual element or effect is used over and over

43
Q

Proximity

A

Distance between visual elements

44
Q

Fusion

A

Occurs when shapes or volumes share common edges

45
Q

Continuity

A

A fluid connection among compositional parts

46
Q

Movement

A

Creates deliberate visual pathways to direct the viewer’s attention

47
Q

Closure

A

The mind’s inclination to connect fragmentary information to produce a completed form

48
Q

Pattern

A

Occurs when any visual element is systematically repeated over an extended area

49
Q

Grid

A

Created through a series of intersecting lines

50
Q

Balance

A

Distribution of weight or force within a composition

51
Q

Visual weight

A
  1. Inclination of shapes to float or sink

2. Relative importance of a visual element within a design

52
Q

Symmetrical balance

A

Occurs when shapes are mirrored on either side of an axis

53
Q

Approximate symmetry

A

Created when similar imagery appears on either side of a central axis

54
Q

Radial symmetry

A

Lines & shapes are mirrored both vertically and horizontally

55
Q

Assymetrical balance

A

Creates equilibrium among visual elements that do not mirror each other on either side of an axis

56
Q

Proportion

A

Relative size of visual elements within an image or figure

57
Q

Scale

A

Size of a form when compared with out own human size

58
Q

Rhythm

A

Sense of movement created by repetition of multiple units in a deliberate pattern

59
Q

Emphasis

A

Gives prominence to part of a design

60
Q

Anomaly

A

Break from the norm

61
Q

Centricity

A

Compressive compositional force

62
Q

Eccentricity

A

Expansive compositional force

63
Q

Contrast

A

Created when two or more forces operate in opposition

2D Foundations: Plane & Color (1 decks)

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