art principals/terms Flashcards
elements of art
color, line, shape, form, texture, value, space
color
element of art made of three properties: hue, value, intensity
hue
name of color
value
hue lightness and darkness
intensity
quality of brightness and purity of a hue
line
element of art defined by a point moving in space. can be two or three dimensional, descriptive, implied, or abstract
shape
an element of art that is two dimensional, flat, or limited to height and width
form
element of art that has three dimensional and encloses volume, height, width, and depth
texture
refers to the way things look or might feel (surface quality)
value
lightness or darkness of tones or colors (white lightest, black darkest)
middle gray
halfway between tone extremes
space
positive and negative areas are defined or a sense of depth is achieved
principles of design
balance, contrast, unity, variety, emphasis, harmony, repetition, rhythm, pattern, movement
balance
a way of combining elements to create equilibrium or stability in art
contrast
arrangement of opposite elements to create visual interest
unity
elements have a clear visual relationship to one or more elements
variety
concerned with diversity or contrast
emphasis
area or object that draws attention and becomes a focal point
harmony
combining similar elements in an artwork to accent their similarities
repitition
repeating visual elements such as line, color, shape, texture, value, or image that unifies or creates rhythm in the work
rhythm
principle of design that indicates movement created by placement of repeated elements in a work of art that create visual tempo
pattern
underlying structure that organizes surfaces or structures in a consistent manner
movement
creates feeling of action, guides viewers eye throughout the work
apature
size of the opening of the lense
al servo
continuous focus, autofocus continues working until you take the photo
aspect ratio
ratio of the height to width
bokeh
orbs created when lights are out of focus on an image
burst mode
camera will take photos as long as the button is held down
depth of field
how much the image is in focus
digital vs optical
digital: effect achieved through software
optical: effect achieved through physical camera. optical is better
exposure
how light or dark the image is
exposure compensation
tells the camera how light or dark the exposure should be
focus
whether or not the subject is blurry
flash sync
adjusts when the flash goes off when the photo is taken
histogram
chart that depicts how many light and dark pixels are in an image
hot shoe
slot at the top of a camera for adding accessories
ISO
determines how sensitive the camera is to light
long exposure
image that has been exposed for a long time or uses a long shutter speed
manual
allows the photographer to set the exposure instead of the camera
metering
indicates how the meter is reading the light of the image from the camera
noise
flecks in an image (also called grain)
RAW
file type that gives the photographer more control over editing
rule of thirds
dividing an image into 3 parts horizontally and vertically
shutter speed
how long the shutter stays open to let light into the camera
shutter release
button pressed to take a photo
time lapse
video created from stitching several photos together taken of the same thing at different times
viewfinder
hole you look through to take a photo
white balance
balances the lights in the frame before taking a photo
spotting
a type of retouching concerned with correcting minor flaws in the finished prints
sharpeneing
makes edges appear more defined by darkening the darker pixels and brightening the brighter pixels
dodging
decreases the exposure for areas of the print the photographer wishes to be lighter
burning
increases the exposure to areas of the print that should be darker
flood
light from an artificial source in photography
bleed
print that goes to the edge of a printed sheet
camera obscurea
darkened enclosure through which light from external objects enters to form an image of the objects on the opposite surface
watermark
faint design made visible when held against a lighted surface
cut
transition where one shot is followed by another
continuity editing
shots are cut together in a clear and linear flow of uninterrupted action
continuity error
action of element s do not match across shots
cross cutting
technique used to give the illusion that the storylines of action are happening at the same time by rapidly cutting back and forth
cutaway
interruption of a continuing shot with a shot related to the principal action
