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HISTORY OF WORLD ARTS > Art Movements > Flashcards

Art Movements Flashcards

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1
Q

It is considered a neoclassic movement of France when Napoleon Bonaparte reign (1804-1815); the period style was mostly regulated in furniture and interior design but was also beginning to make its way to architecture

A

Empire Period

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2
Q

What are the most notable structure like during the Empire period?

A

Massive monuments are based on Roman Imperial precedents

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3
Q

In 1806, this arc was commission to celebrate the early victories of his empire and to honor his troops. It is also a remnant of their victories.

A

Arc de Triomphe

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4
Q

What are the dimensions of Arc de Triomphe?

A

164 ft tall, 148 ft long, 72 inches wide

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5
Q

It is the smaller version of Arc de Triomphe; it was able to finish during Napoleon’s time; it is also to honor Napoleon’s troops

A

Arc de Triomphe du Carrousel

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6
Q

This structure originally held a bronze statue of Napoleon as a Roman Emperor; this column is covered entirely of bronze of Napoleon’s victory in Austerlitz

A

Vendome Column

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7
Q

It is constructed in 1804, the monument is surrounded by corinthian columns with a dominant relief-filled pediment

A

La Madeleine

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8
Q

This period is both a movement and school(in Germany); it is very modern; it is also a universal design

A

Bauhaus

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9
Q

He is the architect and director of Bauhaus; he wanted something to have meaning; he had an asymmetrical approach

A

Walter Gropius

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10
Q

It is a movement originated in 1920s-1930s; it is “style moderne”; vertical

A

Art Deco

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11
Q

Where was Art Deco derived from?

A

Exposition Internationale de Arts Decoratifs et Industriels Modernes, Paris

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12
Q

What are the materials used during art deco? (9)

A

Baskelite, vita-glass, ferro concrete, jade, silver, ivory, obsidian, chrome and rock crystal

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13
Q

What are the influences of Art Deco?

A

Nouveau, Bauhaus, Cubism, Egyptian, and early classical sources

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14
Q

What are the characteristic motifs of Art Deco?

A

Nude female figures, animals, foliage and sun rays all in conditionalizes forms

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15
Q

Who was the architect who received a commission for Chrysler Building?

A

Wiliam Van Alen

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16
Q

A style of decoration and architectural detail popular in the 1890s featuring sinuous, floral motifs

A

Art Nouveau

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17
Q

What are the general characteristics of Art Nouveau? (8)

A 
Asymmetrical
Extensive use of arches and curves
Curved glass
Swirling tendrils, botanical-like embellishment
Mosaic
Stained glass
Japanese motifs
Exposed iron
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18
Q

Who was the famous architect during art nouveau period and part of the Catalan Modernista movement?

A

Antoni Gaudi

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19
Q

What was the famous work of Gaudi?

A

Casa Batló (Barcelona)

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20
Q

It is a rationalist movement against Baroque and ruled under Louis XVI

A

Neoclassical

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21
Q

He was the most prominent architect during neoclassical period; has a strong interest in Gothic; studied classical movement and renaissance; he built the Pantheon in Paris

A

Jacques-Germain Soufflot

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22
Q

What are the key features of St. Genevieve Church? (4)

A

Plain surface
Symmetry
Geometric precision
Classical order

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23
Q

This period was in mid 1700s; ruled under Louis XV; rise of bourgeoisie and middle class; means shell; “late baroque”

A

Rococo

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24
Q

This property was bought by Francois de Rogan Soubise

A

Hotel de Soubise

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25
Q

Who were the architects of Hotel de Soubise?

A

Germain Boffrand and Pierre Alexis Delamair

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26
Q

It is the most intimate setting in Rococo and the stylish center of French society in the 18th century

A

Salons

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27
Q

What is an example of a salon during Rococo?

A

Salon de la Princessa

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28
Q

It is seen as a landmark in modern, functionalist design

A

Bauhaus at Dessau

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29
Q

Bauhaus at Dessau consists of? (3)

A

Asphalt tilted roof
Steel framework
Reinforced concrete bricks (to reduce noise and protect against the weather)

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30
Q

What are the other Bauhaus building features? (6)

A 
Flat roofs
Smooth facades
Cubic shapes
Muted in colors: white, grey, beige, and black
Open floor plans
Functional furniture
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31
Q

It is an 808 ft tall building with a crowningglass dome meant to “give the effect of a great jeweled sphere” and has a “streamlined” approach to form geometric patterns and stylized ornaments

A

Chrysler Building

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32
Q

This architecture features allusions to the legend of St. George and the Dragon; its exterior is sheathed in colorful ceramics, while the roof is covered in scalelike tiles

A

Casa Batló

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33
Q

He conceived for Barcelona a series of architectural extravaganzas, apparently pervaded by thoughts of nature in its less attractive manifestations - the rabbit warren or termite hill, reptilian anatomy, weeds on the rampage.

A

Antoni Gaudi

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34
Q

It had an organic quality with floral and plant motifs, curvy women with flowers adorning their hair, birds, peacocks feathers, and insects.

A

Art Nouveau

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35
Q

He was famous for his pioneering work in Art Nouveau and the translation of the style from the decorative arts into architecture in the early 1890s.

A

Victor Horta

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36
Q

__________ inventiveness with Art Nouveau helped to make it something of a national style in Belgium by 1900

A

Victor Horta

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37
Q

The façade is made out of iron, stone and glassn; the middle section of the building is slightly cantilevered over the ground floor entry; the front is sequestered behind a swirling iron garden gate.

A

Hotel Van Eetvelde (1895)

38
Q

It was a movement during the mid to late 18th century

A

Neoclassical

39
Q

Wat are the 2 events that stirred during the mid 18th century?

A

Rediscovery of greek art

Excavatious at Herculaneum and Pompeii

40
Q

It is the revival of classical antiquity, more consistent than classicism

A

Neoclassical

41
Q

In what year did Soufflot left Rome and returned to Lyon where he began practicing as an architect?

A

1738

42
Q

It was built as the Church of St. Genevieve but was secularized during the revolution

A

The Pantheon, Paris

43
Q

What is the most famous feature of The Pantheon (Paris)?

A

272-foot high dome (based on the dome of St. Paul’s cathedral designed by Christopher Wren)

44
Q

Where was Rococo derived from?

A

Rocaille (rock-work/shell-work)

45
Q

What are the key characteristics of Rococo? (5)

A
  • Elaborates curves and scrolls, curvilinear forms that resembles the letters “s” and “c”
  • ornaments shaped like shells, plants, and the entire rooms being oval in shape, main plans were usually asymmetrical
  • patterns were intricate and details are delicate
  • scrolls, swags, mirrors and glided plasters
  • pastel colors and using playful subjects
46
Q

When did Edouard Dubois and Charles Lelong renovated the Hotel de Soubise?

A

1838-1848

47
Q

When did Hubert Janniard and Edmond Guillaume did work on the hotel de soubise?

A

1859 - 1880

48
Q

When was the Hotel de Soubise entirely renovated by Robert Danis?

A

1932 - 1938

49
Q

The style became an official architectural style in France around 17th century to 18th century.

A

French Baroque

50
Q

French Baroque was ruled under?

A

Louis XIV

51
Q

In French Baroque, where was the capital moved?

A

Versailles

52
Q

The period focused mainly on secular architecture- palaces; this building were designed to show power, magnificence and opulence.

A

French Baroque

53
Q

King Louis XIV was also known as?

A

Le Roi Soleil or The Sun King

54
Q

In King Louis XIV’s reign, the French became a standard of?

A

Taste

55
Q

Who was the Minister of Finance; introduced a centralized system for the decorative arts, when he built the Vaux-Le-Vicomte?

A

Nicholas Fouquet

56
Q

Also coordinated the development of the decorative arts for the monarchy; His first task was to re-build the Louvre

A

Jean Baptise Colbert

57
Q

What are the key elements of French Baroque? (6)

A
  • Symmteric
  • Classical orders
  • Curved lines adds a sense of motion
  • Exterior were sober and highly ornamented
  • Abundant windows allow natural light and view or surrounding gardens
  • landscape architecture became important
58
Q

As soon as Louis XIV got to the throne, he took this palace as a symbol of the French monarchy.

A

Palace of Versailles (1703)

59
Q

______________ started the renovation and ________ concluded it after the first architect died.

A

Le Vau

Mansart

60
Q

The palace has a huge extension with hundreds of rooms and it’s built on a land of almost ______ acres. The building has a well-defined base, noble floor and crowning.

A

2,000

61
Q

What are the exterior features of Palace of Versailles?

A

Sober, magnificent, harmonius

62
Q

What are the interior features of Palace of Versailles?

A

Richly decorated, showing beautiful pieces of art (Hall of mirrors)

63
Q

This palace clearly shows the use of classical orders in the exteriors and the importance given to the gardens. These two elements would become the rule for French Baroque architecture.

A

Vaux-Le-Vicomte Palace (1661)

64
Q

Who was the royal architect of Louis XIV?

A

Louis Le Vau

65
Q

This is one of the most rhythmic and dynamic pieces of French architect Jules Hardouin Mansart. The building has a clearly defined Greek cross layout, with four round chapels that are only accessible through openings coming out from the tips of the cross.

A

Les Invalides (1676)

66
Q

The period was developed in Spain during 17th and 18th centuries.

A

Spanish Baroque

67
Q

Spanish Baroque can be further categorized into 2 periods

A

1st Period: Early Baroque (17th Century) 2nd Period: Baroque or Churrigueresco (Late 17th Century and 18th Century)

68
Q

The church symbolizes strong what?

A

Influences and wealth

69
Q

_________ and _______ was used to prove such power, through the means of elements of religious propaganda.

A

Art

Architecture

70
Q

Baroque style in Spain developed essentially as a?

A

Regional style

71
Q

What are the key elements for spanish baroque? (4)

A
  • Use of humble materials for construction
  • Very simple plan layout
  • Very dynamic and volumetric facades and altars
  • Ornamental than structural architecture
72
Q

It was designed by Juan Gomez de Mora in 1619. Space is completely enclosed by residential and civic buildings.

A

Plaza Mayor de Madrid

73
Q

It was also designed by Gomez de Mora in 1692, but most of the construction took place after his death. It is a sober building, with a great base of granite stone, brick walls and a very modest decoration, with some ornaments in the balconies.

A

Casa de la Villa

74
Q

The style developed to highly ornamented elements and more dynamic conceptions. An opulent design with a disregard for classical rules and was primarily applied to exterior.

A

Churrigueresco

75
Q

This is the most renowned work of architect and sculptor Jose Benito de Churriguera in 1695. The altar is highly decorated and is the focal piece of the building. It is a composition of abundant sculptures, columns, and plenty of ornaments and incorporates all the elements of baroque style.

A

Church of St. Stephen

76
Q

The building was designed by Pedro de Ribera in 1726. A simple construction with a very dynamic facade at the entrance, with plenty of volumetric elements and curves that create stunning shadows.

A

Hospice of San Fernando

77
Q

It was constructed by Alberto Churriguera in 1755. Space is enclosed by buildings consisting of three floors of balconies over a base with arches. The entire facade is highly ornamented, and the main element is the city hall building, designed by Jose Churriguera.

A

Plaza Mayor de Salamanca

78
Q

It is derived from a Portuguese term “Baroco” meaning odd shape or imperfect pearl.

A

Baroque

79
Q

When did Baroque started in Italy?

A

16th century

80
Q

Baroque architecture was designed to _____ and _______. The power of dramatic.

A

Awe

Impress

81
Q

Baroque architecture is more evident on _____ and _______.

A

Churches

Palaces

82
Q

A prodigy in sculpture, architecture, and city planning;
• He was asked to serve as an official architect, a position he held until his death.
• His works dominated the Baroque movement in Rome for years.
• One of his famous work is the Baldachino for St. Peter’s Basilica.

A

Gianlorenzo Bernini

83
Q

He designed and continued the additions to the St. Peter’s Basilica

A

Carlo Maderno

84
Q

What are the key elements of Italian Baroque? (12)

A
  • Preference to curves, double curves and diagonal lines
  • Pediments in scroll forms
  • Flying figures in dangerous looking positions
  • Complexity
  • Deliberate lack of clarity
  • Open
  • Unity
  • Bold effects of gradation and climax
  • Use of light
  • Solomonic Column (twisted)
  • carved ornaments
  • used of pair columns
85
Q

Examples of Italian Baroque Architecture

A 
St. Peter’s Basilica
Baldachino
The Fountain of Trevi
San Carlo alle Quattro Fontante
Santa Maria della Salute
Church of II Gesu
86
Q

The exterior is composed of Corinthian pilasters.
The Dome broke the canons of classical proportions by raising the dome over a square room much above its correct height and dividing the wall area into three horizontal zones
Composed of lantern, dome balustrades, and statues piled above the gigantic pilasters.

A

St. Peter’s Basilica

87
Q

Considered the largest Baroque fountain in Rome

A

The Fountain of Trevi

88
Q

This had helped Francisco Borromini, his reputation for daring architectural innovation. It featured an alteration on concave and convex elements in the façade. As well as a drum that supported an oval dome.

A

San Carllo alle Quattro Fontante

89
Q

A Roman Catholic church designed by Baldassare Longhena
A vast octagonal building with two domes and a pair of picturesque belltowers at the back.
It also features scroll and volute buttresses

A

Santa Maria della Salute

90
Q

Designed by Giacomo Vignola for the mother church of the Society of Jesus- Jesuits. Its façade demonstrates “The first truly Baroque façade”

A

Church of II Gesu

HISTORY OF WORLD ARTS (3 decks)

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