Art Movements Flashcards
Become familiar with different art movements & their characteristics.
What is the defining characteristics of the Renaissance art movement?
A focus on:
1. Classical antiquity
2. Humanism
3. Proportion
4. Perspective
5. Naturalism.
What period did the Baroque art movement span?
Late 16th century to the early 18th century
Name a key feature of Baroque art.
Baroque art is known for its dramatic use of light and shadow, emotional intensity, and grandeur.
What distinguishes Rococo art from Baroque art?
- Rococo art is lighter and more playful than Baroque
- Featuring ornate decoration
- Pastel colours
- Themes of love and nature.
When did the Neoclassicism art movement occur?
Late 18th to early 19th centuries.
What are the key characteristics of Neoclassicism?
- return to classical ideals
- simplicity
- symmetry
- emphasis on reason and order.
What was the Romanticism art movement a reaction against?
A reaction against the rationalism of the Enlightenment and the strict forms of Neoclassicism.
Emphasizing emotion, nature, and individualism.
What are the main themes of Romanticism?
- nature
- emotion
- the sublime
- the heroic.
When did the Realism art movement begin?
Mid 19th century
What defines Realism in art?
Focus on depicting everyday life and ordinary people with truth and accuracy.
Without idealization.
What art movement came after Realism and focused on light and color?
Impressionism.
Name a key characteristic of Impressionism.
- loose brushwork
- emphasis on light
- changing qualities
- focus on capturing moments in time.
When did the Post-Impressionism movement occur?
late 19th century to early 20th century.
What distinguishes Post-Impressionism from Impressionism?
Post-Impressionism builds on Impressionism but emphasizes more symbolic content, formal order, and structure.
What are the key characteristics of Fauvism?
- bold, vibrant colors
- simplified forms.
When did the Fauvism art movement take place?
early 20th century, around 1904-1908.
What are the key characteristics of Cubism?
Geometric shapes & fragmented forms.
Who are the pioneers of Cubism?
Pablo Picasso and Georges Braque.
When did the Surrealism art movement emerge?
Early 1920s
What are the main characteristics of Surrealism?
- dream-like scenes
- illogical scenes
- bizarre imagery
- exploration of the unconscious mind.
What is the main focus of Abstract Expressionism?
- Spontaneous, automatic, or subconscious creation,
- Large, abstract forms.
When did Abstract Expressionism develop?
1940s and 1950s.
What movement emerged in the 1960s that incorporated elements of mass media and popular culture?
Pop Art.
What are the defining characteristics of Minimalism?
- simple, geometric forms
- monochromatic palettes
- focus on the essence of form and space.
When did the Minimalism art movement occur?
1950s - 1960s
What is the primary focus of the Art Nouveau movement?
- decorative arts with intricate linear designs
- flowing curves based on natural forms.
When did the Art Nouveau movement occur?
late 19th century and peaked around 1890-1910.
What defines the Dada art movement?
- embrace of absurdity
- anti-art sentiment
- use of unconventional materials and techniques
- challenge traditional aesthetics.
When did the Dada movement emerge?
Around 1916, after WW1.
What are the key characteristics of the Art Deco movement?
- bold geometric shapes
- rich colors
- lavish ornamentation
- often reflecting modern technology and luxury.
When was the Art Deco movement prominent?
1920s and 1930s
What is the main focus of the Constructivism art movement?
- abstract, geometric art
- intended to serve a social purpose
- often using modern industrial materials.
When did Constructivism develop?
in Russia around 1915-1920.
What defines the De Stijl art movement?
- simple, horizontal and vertical lines
- primary colors along with black and white to create a sense of universal harmony.
Who are key figures in the De Stijl movement?
Piet Mondrian and Theo van Doesburg.
What are the characteristics of the Futurism art movement?
- emphasis on speed
- technology
- dynamic movement
- often depicting the energy and chaos of modern life.
When did the Futurism movement emerge?
In Italy in the early 20th century, around 1909.
What is the key concept of the Bauhaus movement?
- Integration of art, craft, and technology
- Focusing on functionality and simplicity in design.
When was the Bauhaus school founded and by whom?
The Bauhaus school was founded by Walter Gropius in 1919.
What defines the Suprematism art movement?
focus on basic geometric forms and pure artistic feeling, rather than depicting objects.
Who founded the Suprematism movement?
Kazimir Malevich in 1913.
What are the characteristics of the Op Art movement?
- optical illusions
- creating the perception of movement and vibration
- precise, abstract patterns.
When did the Op Art movement become prominent?
1960s
What is the main focus of the Neo-Expressionism movement?
- vivid, emotive imagery
- often with a return to figurative representation
- a raw, gestural style.
When did the Neo-Expressionism movement develop?
1970s-1980s
What are the defining characteristics of the Fluxus movement?
combining visual art, performance, and experimental music, often with a focus on process over product.
When did the Fluxus movement begin?
1960s
What is the key concept of the Situationist International (SI) movement?
the critique of contemporary consumer culture and the creation of ‘situations’ that disrupt normal experiences of everyday life.
When was the Situationist International founded?
1957
