Art In Early Civilization

Question 1

Civilization

Answer 1

Relates to the Latin word “civitas” or “city.”
-is a complex human society that may have certain characteristics of cultural and technological development.

Question 2

Stone Age

Answer 2

• Roughly span 14,000-2,000 BCE.
  -A term used to describe a period of history when stones were used to make tools for survival.
• the term conjures an image of men and women dressed in skin, huddling before a fire in a cave.
  -3 Periods: Paleolithic, Mesolithic, Neolithic

Question 3

Paleolithic

Answer 3

Late years of Stone Age

Question 4

Mesolithic

Answer 4

Middle Stone Age

Question 5

Neolithic

Answer 5

New Stone Age

Question 6

Paleolithic Art

Answer 6

A productnof climate change, caves became protective havens for early humas and paved the way fornthe birth of their first attemptnto create art

Question 7

Venus of Willendorf

Answer 7

-figure of a highly abstracted woman from highlighted body parts associated with fertility.
-the representation may show the importance of taking care of these body parts for procreation and consequently the survival of species.

Question 8

Mesolithic Art

Answer 8

Also called middle stone age, is an ancient cultural stage that existed between the Paleolithic (Old Stone Age), with its chipped stone tools, and the Neolithic (New Stone Age), with its polished stone tools.
-among the new forms of chipped stone tools were MICROLITHS, very small stone tools intended for mounting together on a shaft to produce a serrated age. Polished stone ess another innovation that occurred in some Mesolithic assemblages.

Question 9

Neolithic Art

Answer 9

-Has developed especially when life for the early humans has become more stable
- they have learnednto cultivate the land and domesticate animals

Question 10

EGYPTIAN ART

Answer 10

Divided into 3 periods: Old, Middle and New Kingdom.
-For the Egyptians, art should be something religious and spiritual

Question 11

Old Kingdom

Answer 11

It was evident that religion was bound to the afterlife. A concrete manifestation of this would have to be the erection of tombs.

Question 12

Narmer Palette

Answer 12

It was a palette that utilized and applied dark colors around King Narmer’s eyes. The palette was also a symbol that commemorates the unification of Upper and Lower Egypt.

Question 13

The Great Pyramid of Gaza

Answer 13

During the Old Kingdom, one of the Architectural wonders was also constructed.
-it served as tombs since their main purpose was to provide a resting place for the pharaohs.

Question 14

Middle Kingdom

Answer 14

One of the key features is a shift in the politcal hierarchy. There is an emergence of powerful groups of landlords that threatened the authority and rule of the pharaoh. (King Mentuhotep)
- Portrait Sculptures and Fresco Paintings emerged during this period.

Question 15

New Kingdom

Answer 15

-Had the references from both of the preceding kingdoms.
-During this period, Egypt jas established itself as a more advanced and powerful civilization.

Question 16

Amarna Revolution

Answer 16

After the New Kingdom, Egypt witnessed the —- led by King Akhenaton and Queen Nefertiti.
-During this period, the only god to be revered was ATON. Egypt became monotheistic and Akhenaton ordered all to tear down all monuments of other gods.

Question 17

King Akhenaton

Answer 17

Attempted to introduce monotheism, or the worship of a single god, to the formerly polytheistic Egyptians.

Question 18

Queen Nefertiti

Answer 18

There is emphasis to life-like features of the face like an elongste jaw and thick-lidded eyes. Most artists created artworks that are natural and seemingly real, highlighting the features of their subjects.
-Naturalism was not only used to depict the pharaoh but also was used for members of the royal family. -The bust of Queen Nefertiti has a long and sensuous neck.

Question 19

King Tutankhamen

Answer 19

He became king at a very young age and died at the age of eighteen.

Question 20

Howard Carter

Answer 20

Discovered the tomb of King Tutankhamen in 1922. They were astonished to find gold artworks and that the coffin was made out of solid gold. The body of the young king was covered in linen and a gold mask covered his face.