ART HISTORY SCULPTURAL TERMS AND TECHNIQUES

Question 1

PROPERTIES OF MARBLE?

Answer 1

-MONOCHROME, UNITES THE SCULPTURE
-WHITENESS ASSOCIATED WITH NOBILITY, WEALTH
LOW TENSILE STRENGTH, COMPACT COMPOSITION, NO FEATURES EXTENDING WITHOUT SUPPORT
-CARVING ALLOWED BY THE SOFTNESS OF MARBLE, DRAPERY, SMOOTHNESS OF SKIN, HAIR TEXTURE
-TRANSLUCENCY OF MARBLE AFTER IT IS POLISHED ALLOWS THE REPLICATION OF SKIN
-FRAGILITY OF MARBLE ALLOWS EASY DAMAGE TO PROTRUDING OR DELICATE FEATURES

Question 2

MARBLE CARVING?

Answer 2

-PYRAMIDAL COMP PROVIDES LOW CENTRE OF GRAVITY AND STABILITY
-UNDERCUTTING INTENSIFIES SHADOWS AND ALLOWS BETTER DEFINITION.
-DRILL ENABLES PRECISE DEFINITION, SEEN IN CURLS OF HAIR OR PATTERNS IN CLOTHING
-CHISEL CAN BE USED TO ADD FINER DETAILS

Question 3

PROPERTIES OF STONE?

Answer 3

-LOW TENSILE STRENGTH, CLOSED FORMS AND NO PROTRUDING PARTS
-LOW TENSILE STRENGTH SHOWN IN THE NECESSITY FOR BASE AND CENTRAL SUPPORT
-POLISHING THE SURFACE REFLECTS LIGHT, SMOOTHNESS, ANIMATES THE SURFACE
-TRUTH TO MATERIALS, SURFACE CAN BE PURPOSEFULLY ROUGH AND IMPERFECT, DOES NOT MANIPULATE THE MATERIAL TO LOOK LIKE ANYTHING OTHER THAN STONE.
-MONOCHROME
-NATURAL MATERIAL, APPROPRIATE FOR OUTDOOR SETTINGS
-SENSE OF MASS, MONUMENTALITY, AND STRENGTH
-‘PRIMATIVE’, ARCHAIC ASSOCIATIONS

Question 4

STONE CARVING?

Answer 4

-UNDERCUTTING USED TO ADD HARSH SHADOWS AND GIVE DEFINITION
-DRILL ENABLES PRECISE DEFINITION, EG, IN CURLS OF HAIR OR IN CLOTHES AND DRAPERY.
-CHISEL CAN BE USED TO ADD FINER DETAIL

Question 5

BAS RELIEF?

Answer 5

A KIND OF CARVING OR SCULPTURE WHERE THE FIGURES ARE RAISED A FEW INCHES FROM THE BACKGROUND TO GIVE A 3D EFFECT

Question 6

RELIEF?

Answer 6

SCULPTED ELEMENTS ARE STILL ATTACHED TO A SOLID BACKGROUND, HIGH OR LOW RELIEF DEPENDS ON WETHER TO A HIGH OR LOW EXTENT THE SCULPTURE STANDS OUT FROM THE SURFACE