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Art Histor Flashcards

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1
Q

Volumetric figures rendered with anatomical precision, emotionally charged expression and visual naturalism are formal elements popularized in the Renaissance

A

Linear Perspective

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2
Q

Extolled the active life of the citizen and praised humanity’s capacity to achieve greatness through knowledge and free will.

A

Humanism

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3
Q

Who wrote the first critical history of European Art during the Renaissance, Lives of the Most Excellent Painters, Sculptors, and Architects (1550, 2nd edition 1568) although many of his observations are now considered obsolete.

A

Giorgio Vasari

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4
Q

What are the two main types of iconography or subject matter found in the Renaissance?

A

Religious and Secular

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5
Q

Term derived from the Italian manière, meaning simply “style,” and sometimes defined as the “stylish style” for its emphasis on self-conscious artifice over realistic depiction.

A

Mannarism

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6
Q

The word paper is derived from?

A

Papyrus

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7
Q

What do we call the style before the Renaissance?

A

Middle Ages

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8
Q

During the early Renaissance most paintings were produced on?

A

Board

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9
Q

Generally speaking, what were the two forms of patronage in the Renaissance?

A

Public and Private

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10
Q

What were three components of an artist/patron contract during the Renaissance?

A

What is to be represented/built cost and style?

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11
Q

Patterns of this have been linked to each center’s economic and political structure.

A

Patronage

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12
Q

Most early Renaissance artists mostly worked for themselves. What do we call this type of employment?

A

Self Employment

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13
Q

Who was commissioned by the Banker’s Guild in Florence to execute St. Matthew for Orsanmichele

A

Ghiberti

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14
Q

Large public commissions could serve as what for artists and patrons?

A

Advertisement

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15
Q

This English term comes from the Latin word Patronus, meaning protector of clients or dependents, specifically freedmen.

A

Patron

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16
Q

Name a wealthy family associated with patronage in Renaissance Florence.

A

Medici

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17
Q

Name of wealthy female Renaissance patron.

A

Isabella d’Este

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18
Q

Nursing – associated Mary’s milk with acts of divine nurturing and religious teaching were called?

A

Madonna Lactans

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19
Q

Name two common Altar piece themes.

A

Virgin Mary and the Incarnation of Christ?

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20
Q

Triptych

A

A whole painting made of three separate pieces

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21
Q

Bonaventura Berlinghieri, St. Francis of Assisi, c. 1235, would be categorized a what “thematic” type of altarpiece?

A

Saint

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22
Q

Germany, the Low Countries, and Scandinavia were most often associated with this type of altarpiece (many-paneled works) with several stages of closing and opening.

A

Polyptychs

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23
Q

Lilies are typically associated with what Biblical figure

A

Virgin Mary

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24
Q

Images of Mary nursing are often related to?

A

Wisdom

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25
Q

Jan van Eyck, The Madonna of Chancellor Rolin,1435. The bridge is a symbol of?

A

Visual Transmission

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26
Q

Jan van Eyck depicts what scene in this panel?

A

Annunciation

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27
Q

Greek myths come from?

A

Oral Tradition

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28
Q

What artist painted the Venus of Urbino in 1538?

A

Titian

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29
Q

Plotinus argued that the artist in creating his work directly imitates the forms of this ideal reality, which are experienced as Beauty.

A

Neoplatonism

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30
Q

One of the suggested moral lessons of Sandro Botticelli’s, Primavera (Spring).

A

Lessons for a bride on chastity, submission and procreation?

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31
Q

Chloris and Zephyrus (West Wind) in Botticelli’s, Primavera has been suggested to represent?

A

Rape Scene

32
Q

This artist painted the Birth of Venus about 1482?

A

Sandro Botticelli

33
Q

Promoting a local ruler, instructing soldiers, justifying a political decision, marriage are some of the reason these were “recast” during the Renaissance?

A

Myths

34
Q

Greeks made gods a perfected form of ______

A

Themselves

35
Q

The god’s immortality separated them from ______

A

Humans

36
Q

The earliest Renaissance portraits were not paintings but rather important inclusions in pictures of?

A

Christian subjects

37
Q

Fra Filippo Lippi, Woman with a Man at a Casementca is an example of what type of portrait?

A

Profile

38
Q

Domenico Ghirlandaio Portrait of Giovanna Degli Albizzi Tornabuoni, includes (painted) writing on a piece of paper. The Italian term is?

A

Cartellino

39
Q

Name one reason a fly (painted) might appear in Renaissance portraiture?

A

To represent the transient nature of life

40
Q

Technique perfected by Leonardo da Vinci, a smokey haziness—to soften outlines and create an atmospheric effect around?

A

Sfumato

41
Q

Petrus Christus, Portrait of a Carthusian (1446), is an example of what kind of portrait?

A

3/4 style portrait

42
Q

Lisa Gherardini is thought to be the sitter in what famous portrait?

A

The Mona Lisa

43
Q

This type of portrait is considered a (refers to size)

A

Half Length

44
Q

During the Renaissance and beyond, miniature portraits were often given as a __________?

A

Remembrance

45
Q

Italian Renaissance architects based their theories and practices on?

A

Classical Roman examples?

46
Q

Engineered of the dome of Florence Cathedral (Santa Maria del Fiore, also known as the Duomo)?

A

Brunelleschi

47
Q

Credited with redesigning the façade of Santa Maria Novella, Florence, Italy between 1456 and 1470?

A

Alberti

48
Q

This is an example of what type of ceiling?

A

Coffered

49
Q

He published I quattro libri dell’architettura (Four Books on Architecture), 1570

A

Palladio

50
Q

Villa Rotunda

A

Renaissance villa just outside Vicenza in northern Italy designed by Italian Renaissance architect Andrea Palladio.

51
Q

An ancient Roman architect whose work was influential during the Renaissance?

A

Vitruvius

52
Q

Name the three basic types of column capitals.

A

Doric, Ionic and Corinthian

53
Q

This architect’s treatise, Della Pittura, was an essential handbook for artists, explaining the principles behind linear perspective, which Brunelleschi may have first developed.

A

Alberti

54
Q

In sculpture what is the term for where the weight is placed on one leg, and the other leg is bent?

A

Contrapposto

55
Q

This casting method, used by the Ancient Greeks & Roman became regained popularity during the Renaissance.

A

Lost Wax

56
Q

This male biblical figure was seen as a representation of Florence, Italy.

A

David

57
Q

The facade design of the Basilica of Sant ‘Andrea, Mantua had been linked to what ancient monument?

A

Arch of Constantine

58
Q

Credited with inventing movable type in Europe?

A

Guttenberg

59
Q

The oldest form of printmaking is a relief process in which knives and other tools are used to carve a design into the surface of a wooden block.

A

Woodcut

60
Q

Medicinal Herbs, Anatomy, & Engineering were topics of what Renaissance art?

A

Book Publishing

61
Q

This popular past-time was aided by printing and made the game more universally available.

A

Playing Cards

62
Q

This printing intaglio printing process involves gauging out an image on a metal plate.

A

Engraving

63
Q

With this intaglio print method, the artist coats the plate with a resin, then draws a design, and inserts the plate in an acid bath.

A

Etching

64
Q

Printmaking allowed design styles to be _______ throughout Europe during the Renaissance.

A

Disseminated

65
Q

This artist who engraved images of Adam and Eve and St. Jerome in his study was considered “world” famous during his lifetime.

A

Durer

66
Q

The description of a subject in the guise of another subject.

A

Allegory

67
Q

Some scholars have suggested the figure in agony is an allegory for

A

Syphilis

68
Q

Three figures depicted in this panel of Bosch’s, Garden or Earthly delights.

A

Adam, Eve and God

69
Q

The central panel in Bosch’s, Garden of Earthly Delights is often associated with which of the seven deadly sins?

A

Lust

70
Q

In this engraving and following in the tradition of allegory, _____ is shown as a naked woman wearing a feather headdress and carrying a club.

A

America

71
Q

Allegory of Venus and Cupid

A

Bronzino, 1545

72
Q

Ornament Engraving

A

Agostino Veneziano

73
Q

Donatello’s David

A

After the fight
1430-1440
First Nude Since Antiquity

74
Q

Michelangelo’s David

A

Intended for Florence Cathedral
1501-1504
Before the Fight

75
Q

Virgin and Child Before Firescreen

A

Robert Campin, 1430

76
Q

Lives of Most Excellent Painters, Sculptor’s and architechts

A

1550 2nd Addition 1568

77
Q

The Madonna of Chancellor Rolin

A

Jan Van Eyck, 1435

Art History (3 decks)

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