Art Appreciation 1 Flashcards
Thursday
came from the greek word “humanus”
humanities
3 branches of humanities
- Practical Arts
- Fine Arts
- Performing Arts
3 major areas of art
- literary arts
- visual art
- audio-visual arts
“Art is that which brings life in harmony with the beauty of the world.”
Plato
“Art is the whole spirit of man.”
Ruskin
“Art is the medium by which the artist communicates
himself to his fellows.”
Charleton Noyes
“Art is anything made or done by man that affects or moves us so that we see or feel beauty in it.”
Collins and Riley
basic elements of arts
- Line
- Shape
- Tone
- Color
- Pattern
- Texture
- Form
Aristotle (1902)
- Representing possible versions of reality (Philosophical Perspective on Art)
ARTS AS REPRESENTATION
Immanuel Kant
- Judgment of beauty is
subjective (Philosophical Perspective on Art)
ARTS AS DISINTERESTED JUDGMENT
Leo Tolstoy
- Arts serves as a language (Philosophical Perspective on Art)
ARTS AS COMMUNICATION OF EMOTION
continually-evolving academic discipline in
which creative masterpieces made by
diverse civilizations, throughout history
and across the globe, are studied for their
artistic and historic value
ART HISTORY
is a process of learning to see, a methodology which relies on developing an
appreciation for and understanding of both
the materials and processes utilized in the creation of artworks, and the context in
which they are created.
ART APPRECIATION
The first assumption then about the humanities is that art has been crafted
by all people regardless of origin, time, place, and that it stayed on
because it is liked and enjoyed by people continuously. (assumptions of art)
ART IS UNIVERSAL
Art is man’s expression of his reception of nature. Art is man’s way of interpreting nature. Art is made by man, whereas nature is given around us. (Assumption of arts)
ART IS NOT NATURE
Art is just experience. By experience, we mean the actual doing of something (Assumption of Art)
Art Involves Experience
is the foundation of all drawing. It is the first and most versatile of the visual elements of art. It can be used to suggest shape, pattern, form, structure,
growth, depth, distance, rhythm, movement and a range of emotions.
Line
suggest comfort and ease (LINES)
*Curved lines
suggest distance and calm (LINES)
*Horizontal lines
suggest height and strength (LINES)
*Vertical lines
suggest turmoil and anxiety (LINES)
*Jagged lines
can express the personal energy and
mood of the artist. (LINES)
- Freehand lines
can express a rigid control. (LINES)
Mechanical lines
can lead the eye in certain directions. (LINES)
Continuous lines
can express the ephemeral or the
insubstantial. (LINES)
Broken lines
can express strength. (LINES)
Thick lines
can express delicacy. (LINES)
- Thin lines
can be natural or man-made, regular or irregular, flat (2-
dimensional) or solid (3-dimensional), representational or abstract, geometric or organic, transparent or opaque, positive or negative, decorative or symbolic, colored, patterned or textured.
SHAPE
The angles and curves of shapes appear to change depending on our viewpoint. The technique we use to describe this change is called
perspective drawing.
can portray strength and stability (SHAPES)
Squares and Rectangles
can represent continuous movement (SHAPES)
Circles and Ellipses
can lead the eye in an upward movement (SHAPES)
Triangles
can create a sense of imbalance and
tension (SHAPES)
Inverted Triangles
- is the physical volume of a shape and the space that it occupies.
- generally refers to sculpture, 3D design, and architecture but may also relate to the illusion of 3D on a 2D surface.
FORM
Illustrative arts, such as scientific illustration, are a form of art as (MOTIVATED FUNCTION OF ARTS)
Communication.
This is often the function of the art Industries of Motion Pictures and Video Games. (MOTIVATED FUNCTION OF ARTS)
entertainment.
Art for political change. One of the defining functions of early
twentieth-century art has been to use visual images to bring about political change. (MOTIVATED FUNCTION OF ARTS)
The Avante-Garde.
contemporary art has enhanced its tolerance towards cultural differences as well as its critical and liberating functions (MOTIVATED FUNCTION OF ARTS)
Art as a “free zone“
Art can be used to raise awareness for a large variety of causes. (MOTIVATED FUNCTION OF ARTS)
Art for social causes.
the function of art may be simply to criticize some aspect of society.(MOTIVATED FUNCTION OF ARTS)
Art for social inquiry, subversion, and/or anarchy.
Art is also used by art therapists, psychotherapists, and clinical psychologists as art therapy. (MOTIVATED FUNCTION OF ARTS)
Art for psychological and healing purposes.
Art is often utilized as a form of propaganda and thus can be used to subtly influence popular conceptions or moods. Similarly, art that tries to sell a product also influences mood and emotion. (MOTIVATED FUNCTION OF ARTS)
Art for propaganda, or commercialism.
It has been argued that the ability of the human brain by far exceeds what was needed for survival in the ancestral environment. (MOTIVATED FUNCTION OF ARTS)
Art as a fitness indicator.
Cave painting, fertility
goddesses, megalithic
structures
Lascaux Cave Painting,
Woman of Willendorf,
Stonehenge
(ART PERIOD)
Stone Age
(30,000 b.c.–2500 b.c.)
Warrior art and narration in stone relief
Standard of Ur, Gate of Ishtar, Stele of Hammurabi’s Code
Sumerians invent writing (3400 b.c.); Hammurabi writes his law code (1780 b.c.);
(ART PERIOD)
Mesopotamian
(3500 b.c.–539 b.c.)
Art with an afterlife focus: pyramids and tomb painting
Imhotep, Step Pyramid, Great Pyramids, Bust of Nefertiti
(ART PERIOD)
Egyptian
(3100 b.c.–30 b.c.)
Greek idealism: balance,
perfect proportions; architectural orders (Doric, Ionic, Corinthian)
Parthenon, Myron,
Phidias, Polykleitos,
Praxiteles
(ART PERIOD)
Greek and Hellenistic
(850 b.c.–31 b.c.)
Roman realism: practical and down to earth; the arch
Augustus of Primaporta,
Colosseum, Trajan’s
Column, Pantheon
(ART PERIOD)
Roman
(500 b.c.– a.d. 476)
Serene, meditative art, and Arts of the Floating World
Gu Kaizhi, Li Cheng, Guo
Xi, Hokusai, Hiroshige
(ART PERIOD)
Indian, Chinese, and
Japanese (653 b.c.–a.d. 1900)
Heavenly Byzantine mosaics; Islamic architecture and
amazing maze-like design
Hagia Sophia, Andrei Rublev, Mosque of Córdoba, the Alhambra
(ART PERIOD)
Byzantine and
Islamic (a.d. 476–a.d.1453)
Celtic art, Carolingian
Renaissance, Romanesque, Gothic
St. Sernin, Durham Cathedral, Notre Dame, Chartres, Cimabue, Duccio, Giotto
(ART PERIOD)
Middle Ages
(500–1400)
Rebirth of classical Culture
Ghiberti’s Doors, Brunelleschi, Donatello, Botticelli, Leonardo,
Michelangelo, Raphael
(ART PERIOD)
Early and High
Renaissance
(1400–1550)
Splendor and flourish for God; art as a weapon in the religious wars
Reubens, Rembrandt, Caravaggio, Palace of
Versailles
(ART PERIOD)
Baroque (1600–1750)
Art that recaptures Greco-Roman grace and grandeur
David, Ingres, Greuze, Canova
(ART PERIOD)
Neoclassical (1750–1850)
The triumph of imagination
and individuality
Caspar Friedrich, Gericault,
Delacroix, Turner, Benjamin West
(ART PERIOD)
Romanticism (1780–1850)
Celebrating working class and peasants; en plein airrustic painting
Corot, Courbet, Daumier, Millet
(ART PERIOD)
Realism (1848–1900)
Capturing fleeting effects of natural light
Monet, Manet, Renoir,
Pissarro, Cassatt, Morisot, Degas
(ART PERIOD)
Impressionism (1865–
1885)
A soft revolt against Impressionism
Van Gogh, Gauguin,
Cézanne, Seurat
(ART PERIOD)
Post-Impressionism
(1885–1910)
Harsh colors and flat
surfaces (Fauvism);
emotion distorting form
Matisse, Kirchner,
Kandinsky, Marc
(ART PERIOD)
Fauvism and
Expressionism
(1900–1935)
Ridiculous art; painting
dreams and exploring the unconscious
Duchamp, Dalí, Ernst,
Magritte, de Chirico, Kahlo
Disillusionment after World War I; The Great Depression (1929–1938); World War II (1939–1945) and Nazi horrors; atomic bombs dropped on Japan (1945)
(ART PERIOD)
Dada and Surrealism
(1917–1950)
Post–World War II: pure
abstraction and expression without form; popular art
absorbs consumerism
Gorky, Pollock, de Kooning, Rothko, Warhol, Lichtenstein
(ART PERIOD)
Abstract Expressionism
(1940s–1950s) and Pop Art (1960s)
Art without a center and
reworking and mixing past styles
Gerhard Richter, Cindy
Sherman, Anselm Kiefer,
Frank Gehry, Zaha Hadid
(ART PERIOD)
Postmodernism and
Deconstructivism
(1970– PRESENT )
