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CIB Module - Arson > ARSON - Fire and Explosive investigations > Flashcards

ARSON - Fire and Explosive investigations Flashcards

1
Q

Common Methods of setting fires

CC EE MM TT

A
  • Candles
  • Chemical igniters - Potassium chlorate, sugar and sulphuric acid (fire fudge)
  • Electrical Apparatus
  • Electric matches
  • Matches and cigarette
  • Molotov Cocktails
  • Timing device
  • Trailers
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2
Q

Initial Action on arrival: Interview incident controller at scene and find out…
TASA IA WTD

A
  • Time, date of call and manner in which it was received.
  • Appliances attended
  • State of fire when Fire Service arrived
  • Ask what the Service has taken, particularly in entering building and ventilating it after the fire.
  • Info the Fire Service has about the building’s security.
  • Alterations they have made to scene, i.e. may had to force doors and windows.
  • Whether they think the fire is suspicious, and why.
  • Their opinions of informant
  • Details of people/vehicles acting suspicious.
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3
Q

Initial Action: confer with staff and determine plan of action. Brief and deploy them to…

A
  • Guard and control the scene
  • ID and interview witnesses at the scene
  • Conduct local enquiries.
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4
Q

External Examination:
The external examination takes into account:
ANY TW

A 
- Adjoining premises which often reveal:
    = accelerant containers
    = attempts at forced entry
    = broken windows
    = forced doors
- Nearby alleyways/streets/driveways
- Yards and outbuildings of the fire effected property
- The periphery of the structure itself 
- What distance debris was scattered, particularly if drums or cylinders have exploded.
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5
Q

External Examination.
The surrounding area of the involved premises may also reveal:
ABCP

A
  • Accelerant containers
  • Business appears to be struggling.
  • Contents of outbuildings missing
  • Property run-down
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6
Q

Identifying the explosive: entering the scene and examination.

A
  • Create path to the centre of the explosion
  • ESR analyst start swabbing the area immediately
  • Vertical sheets of iron adjacent the blast good sources of residue
  • Ensure items that used are carefully cleaned before use.
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7
Q

Preliminary Internal Examination:

LBSML RPOF PSOUB

A
  1. Low stock levels - commercial premises
  2. Building in need of repair
  3. signs of hardship (empty/to let)
  4. missing family photos, furniture/personal items
  5. lack of clothing in wardrobes/drawers
  6. rifled premises
  7. position of clothes if not in wardrobe/drawers
  8. Open filing cabinets/missing files
  9. forced entry into empty till
  10. Presence of accelerant containers or trails
  11. separate unrelated seats of fire
  12. owner/occupier attitude during walk through
  13. unusual odours
  14. burn patterns.
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8
Q

Detailed Internal Examination:

SS DDD SFS ERU

A
  1. Smoke deposits and burn patterns
  2. spalling (cracking/chipping of concrete when heated/cooling)
  3. damage to wall studs
  4. damage to roofing timbers
  5. damage to window sills and door edges
  6. soot deposits on window glass and craze patterns
  7. floor area burned through
  8. skirting board damage
  9. elimination of false low burns
  10. removal of fire debris
  11. under floor inspection.
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9
Q

At the conclusion of the Internal Examination: Fire Investigator will be able to determine…

A
  • Area of origin
  • Point of origin
  • The seat of the fire.
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10
Q

The cause of the fire

EEEF IM SSSSU

A
  • Evidence of accelerants
  • Evidence of intentional interference - tampering with the alarm /sprinkler system
  • Evidence of intentional removal of valuable property
  • Foreign objects - such as screws/batteries, that might have been part of a device
  • Inconsistencies
  • Multiple seats of fire
  • Signs that furniture was rearrange to create a fire base
  • Signs that windows/skylights were opened to create a draught
  • Signs a crime has been committed
  • Signs that a heater/other electrical appliance left on
  • Unusual burn patterns or unusual time factors.
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11
Q

Conferences must be held during scene examinations to assist you with…
AEIPR

A
  • Assessing info obtained
  • Establishing possible motives
  • ID suspects
  • Planning further enquiries
  • Reconstructing
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12
Q

Suspect enquiries: you may ID suspects by means of…

A
  • Circumstances of the fire
  • Fingerprints
  • Info from informants/witnesses
  • Media response
  • Police resources
  • Enquiries at prisons/psychiatric hospitals/schools
  • Info from Fire crews on people who regularly attend fires.
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13
Q

Investigate suspects thoroughly and according to priority obtain their…
FCDDP

A
  • Full particulars
  • Criminal history
  • Details of m/vehicle to which they have access
  • Details of associates
  • Photograph.
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14
Q

Exhibits - Take these control sample

A
  • charred timber and ashes/debris from the seat of the fire for examination and comparison with samples from other points.
  • any accelerants found near the scene.
  • soil from the surrounding area.
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15
Q

Explosions: What to look for… characteristic damage caused by explosives includes…
CSSSAA

A
  • Cratering
  • Spread of debris
  • Shredding of materials
  • A smell peculiar to the exploded material, i.e. almonds
  • An overlay of dust
  • Shrapnel marks.
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16
Q

Difference between gas explosion and explosives.

A
  • Gas explosions cover a wider area.
  • Explosives leave a crater.
  • Medical evidence could show suspects/victims inhaled gas prior to explosion.
17
Q

Powers under Sec 28 Fire Service Act 1975.

ECRRD

A
  • Enter private property when it is on fire or endangered, or when entry is essential to performing a necessary duty.
  • Close roads
  • Remove vehicles impeding the Fire Service. If necessary, than can break into the vehicle for that purpose.
  • Remove people who are in danger or interfering with operations, using reasonable force if necessary.
  • Do anything else that is reasonably necessary for the protection of life and property.
18
Q

The point of the origin is the exact location at which:

CFA

A
  • component failed
  • fire was maliciously lit, or
  • accidental fire originated.
19
Q

Conduct a preliminary interview of the owner. Specifically, find out:
WTA DW

A
  • when the premises were last secured, and by whom
  • type of business
  • actions leading upto the fire
  • details of any suspects and any insurance
  • whether he/she knows the cause of the fire
20
Q

Fires involving Explosives: Initial Action

A
  • There may be secondary device at the scene do not handle/interfere with anything unfamiliar.
  • Do not use cellphones/portable radios/transmitting devices.
  • Evacuate the scene to a distance of 100m.
  • If the IED is located, immediately obtain the assistance of an IED Operator.
  • Give regular SITREPS to Police Comms.
21
Q

Specialist Fire Investigators: will be called to attend and investigate…
FFFSS

A
  • Fires where fatalities occur
  • Fire where serious life threatening fire related injuries
  • Fires in buildings where built-in safety features have failed
  • Structure fires where the cause is suspicious
  • Significant fire spread across a property boundary
22
Q

Guarding and Controlling the Scene

BEBE RIPP

A
  • Be aware of re-ignition from hotspots
  • Ensuring the scene is not interfered with
  • Be vigilant and watch for possible suspects
  • Exclusion and control of on-lookers/property owners
  • Report all matters of significance to the O/C
  • ID any witnesses among onlookers/passers-by
  • Preserving evidence
  • Preventing looting
23
Q

Determining the Seat of the Fire

WWWDS DSCPR

A
  • Witness reports
  • When they first noticed the fire, where they were at the time
  • Wind direction and speed, and the weather
  • Direction of spread
  • State of the fire at that time
  • Depth of charring
  • Severity of the damage
  • Colour of the flames and smoke
  • Presence of ‘starting devices’
  • Reports and opinions of other specialists.
24
Q

Information on the insurance; include…

DAO WA

A
  • Details of the policies on the property and contents
  • Any recent increases in cover for property/contents
  • Other claims
  • Whether the property was over or under-insured
  • Assessor’s report

CIB Module - Arson (3 decks)

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