Arrhythmia Exam

Question 1

Symptoms of Arrythmias

Answer 1

SAD Palpitations

Question 2

What is Paroxysmal AF

Answer 2

AF that stops within 7 days (usually 48hrs), treat with Pill in pocket.

Question 3

What is a normal heart rate

Answer 3

60 - 100 bpm

Question 4

What are risks of AF?

Answer 4

Stroke, DVT/PE

Question 5

What are CHADVASC and ORBIT used for

Answer 5

CHADVASC assesses risk of stroke
ORBIT assesses risk of bleeding

Question 6

How to treat new onset LIFE THREATENING AF?

Answer 6

Emergency Electrical cardioversion

Question 7

How to treat new onset Non-Life threatening AF?

Answer 7

Rate control if onset > 48 hrs
Rate or Rhythm control if onset < 48 hrs

Question 8

What anticoagulation should be used for new onset AF prior to assessment?

Answer 8

Heparin

Question 9

What is first line anticoagulation for confirmed AF?

Answer 9

DOACS, if contraindicated due to renal impairment Warfarin.

Question 10

What medicines treat Ventricular arrhythmia?

Answer 10

Lidocaine, Sotalol

Question 11

What medicines treat Supraventricular arrhythmia?

Answer 11

Adenosine, Verapamil, cardiac glycosides

Question 12

What medicines treat both Ventricular & Supraventricular arrythmias?

Answer 12

Amiodarone, Beta blockers

Question 13

Name Class 1 drugs

Answer 13

Lidocaine, Flecanide (sodium channel blockers)

Question 14

Name Class 2 drugs

Answer 14

Beta Blockers

Question 15

Name Class 3 drugs

Answer 15

Amiodarone, Sotalol - also class 2 (Potassium channel blockers)

Question 16

Name Class 4 drugs

Answer 16

CCBs except dihydropyridines

Question 17

Name rate control drugs?

Answer 17

Diltiazem, Verapamil, Digoxin, Beta blockers

Question 18

When is rate control NOT preferred?

Answer 18

New onset AF, reversible AF, Heart failure

Question 19

Rate control monotherapy:

Answer 19

Beta blockers
OR
CCB (Diltiazem/Verapamil)
OR
Digoxin

Question 20

Digoxin mono therapy should only be used in…

Answer 20

Patients with heart failure or sedentary lifestyle

Question 21

If mono therapy fails, use…

Answer 21

2 of either BBs, Diltiazem, Digoxin

Question 22

If combination rate control fails, use Rhythm control as follows:

Answer 22

BBs, Flecainide, Amiodarone, Propefanone (avoid in Heart disease), Dronedarone, Sotalol

FAB rhythmS PD

Question 23

Before Electrical cardioversion, anticoagulation should be given as follows:

Answer 23

for 3 weeks prior, if not possible then heparin immediately before