aromatics

Question 1

State the type of reaction taking place between ethylamine and an excess of bromoethane. Give the structures of the three organic products obtained from this reaction.

Answer 1

it is the idea that there are further substitution reactions taking place

the products go from a secondary amine to a tertiary and then finally a quaternary amine (salt)

Question 2

explain why phenylamine is a weaker base than ammonia

Answer 2

the lone pair on the N is less available

due to delocalisation

Question 3

Answer 3

chloromethane, any halogenomethane (correct formula accepted) (1) aluminium chloride / Fe / FeCl3 /BF3 (1)

electrophilic substitution

Question 4

explain why butylamine is a stronger base than ammonia

Answer 4

the R alkyl groups push electrons away from itself

making the lone pair of electrons more abalibale

Question 5

Name the type of compound produced when a large excess of CH3Br reacts with CH3NH2 Give a use for this type of compound.

Answer 5

quaternary ammonium salt

detergent/ fabric softener/hair conditioner

Question 6

Answer 6

(Strength depends on availability of) lone pair on N (atom) M1

N (next to ring): (lp) delocalised into ring M2

(lp) less available (to donate to or to accept a H+ ) M3

F or G: N (next to alkyl): (positive) inductive effect/electrons pushed to N M4

(lp) more available (to donate to or to accept a H+ )

M5 order of increasing base strength E

Question 7

Give the full IUPAC name of isomer P

Answer 7

Z - 2 methylpent-2-en-oic acid