Army (in 1st century BC)

Question 1

century

Answer 1

smallest unit of a legion

Question 2

maniple

Answer 2

double a century (later dropped in favor of a cohort)

Question 3

cohort

Answer 3

6 times a century

Question 4

legion

Answer 4

basic fighting unit of the Roman army

Question 5

contubernium

Answer 5

6-8 men who share a tent (part of a century)

Question 6

dux

Answer 6

general

Question 7

imperator

Answer 7

victorious general

Question 8

legatus

Answer 8

legionary commander

Question 9

centurio

Answer 9

leader of a century

Question 10

optio

Answer 10

2nd in command to a centurio

Question 11

toga picta

Answer 11

worn by victorious generals

Question 12

tesserae

Answer 12

passwords

Question 13

signum

Answer 13

standard

Question 14

signifer

Answer 14

holder of standard (a century or cohort)

Question 15

aquila

Answer 15

silver or bronze eagle-standard (of a legion)

Question 16

aquilifer

Answer 16

holder of the eagle

Question 17

cornicen

Answer 17

horn blower

Question 18

vexillum

Answer 18

flag

Question 19

pedites

Answer 19

infantry

Question 20

equites

Answer 20

calvary

Question 21

scorpio

Answer 21

dart thrower (standing crossbow used by one man)

Question 22

ballista

Answer 22

dart or stone throwing siege engine, larger than a scorpio

Question 23

onager

Answer 23

siege engine (like a catapult), threw boulders; means “wild ass” for its kick

Question 24

catapulta

Answer 24

siege engine which girls javelins

Question 25

gladius

Answer 25

sword

Question 26

scutum

Answer 26

shield

Question 27

galea

Answer 27

helmet (originally only made of leather)

Question 28

cassis

Answer 28

helmet (originally made of only metal)

Question 29

pilum

Answer 29

javelin

Question 30

hasta

Answer 30

spear (used by triarii and hastati)

Question 31

lorica

Answer 31

leather breastplate

Question 32

cingulum

Answer 32

military belt

Question 33

caligae

Answer 33

boots

Question 34

sarcina

Answer 34

soldier's cloak/blanket

Question 35

pugio

Answer 35

dagger