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Human Body and Movement > Arm > Flashcards

Arm Flashcards

1
Q

What are bony features on distal humerus?

A 
Trochlea
Medial epicondyle
Lateral epicondyle
Capitulum
Olecranon fossa
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2
Q

What are bony features on proximal radius

A

Radial tuberosity

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3
Q

What are bony features on proximal ulna?

A

Olecranon
Radial notch
Trochlea notch
Coronoid process

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4
Q

What type of joint is elbow joint?

A

Hinge joint

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5
Q

What is difference between elbow joint complex and proper?

A

he ‘elbow joint complex’ consists of three joints involving the distal end of the humerus and the proximal ends of the radius and ulna, they are: the radiohumeral joint, the humeroulnar joint and the radioulnar joint.

Two of these joints; the radiohumeral and humeroulnar, make up the ‘elbow joint proper’.

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6
Q

What do collateral ligaments do?

A

Ulnar (medial) collateral connects the medial epicondyle of the humerus to the olecranon process of the ulna.

Radial (lateral) collateral connects the lateral epicondyle of the humerus to the ulna.

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7
Q

What are the main elbow flexors?

A

Biceps brachii
Brachialis
Brachioradialis

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8
Q

What are the main elbow extensors?

A

Triceps brachii

Anconeus

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9
Q

What does the annular ligament do?

A

Maintains the integrity of the superior radioulnar joint (prevents the head of the radius moving away from the ulna) by surrounding the head of the radius

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10
Q

How many radioulnar joints are there?

A

Two, proximal and distal

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11
Q

What type of joint is the radioulnar joint?

A

Synovial pivot joint

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12
Q

What movment is allowed at this joint?

A

Rotation

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13
Q

What forearm movement deos this joint allow?

A

Pronation and supination

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14
Q

What is the interosseous membrane?

A

A fibrous joint between the radius and the ulna

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15
Q

What does the interosseous membrane do?

A

Compartmentalises the forearm into anterior and posterior regions. It distriubtes force from the distal end of the radius to the proximal end of the ulna

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16
Q

In anatomical position, is the hand pronated or supinated?

A

Supinated

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17
Q

What 2 muscles contribute to pronation?

A

Pronator teres

Pronator quadratus

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18
Q

What muscle contributes to supination?

A

Supinator

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19
Q

The scapula and proximal humerus articulate at what joint?

A

Glenohumeral joint/shoulder

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20
Q

Which joint is made up of the acromion process of the scpula and the lateral end of the clavicle?

A

Acromioclavicular joint AC

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21
Q

Which anterior bone joins the two halves of the pectoral girdle?

A

Manubrium of the sternum

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22
Q

What is the name of the fossa at the top of the shoulder blade?

A

Supraspinous fossa (hole/depression above the spine)

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23
Q

Which muscle inserts into the fossa above the spine of the shoulder

A

Supraspinatus

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24
Q

When supraspinatus assists the middle deltoid, what action of the humerus will occur?

A

Abduction

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25
What type of joint is the elbow (radius, ulna, humerus)?
Hinge
26
What type of joint is the proximal radioulnar joint?
Pivot
27
What type of joint is the radiocarpal joint?
Modified hinge
28
What type of joint is the mid-carpal joint?
Plane
29
What type of joint is the first (1) metacarpophalangeal joint?
Synovial Saddle
30
What type of joint are the (II-V) metacarpophalangeal joints?
Ellipsoid
31
Name a muscle involved in opening the hand
Abductor pollicis longus Extensor pollicis brevis Dorsal interossei
32
Which nerve passes through the carpal tunnel?
Median nerve
33
The pinch, plate and tripod grips are all what classification of grip?
Precession grip
34
What bony feature fits inside the olecranon fossa?
Olecranon process
35
Triceps are responsible for what movement of the forearm?
Extension
36
Name the ligament that holds the head of the radius in contact with the radial notch
Annular ligament
37
How many carpal bones are there?
Eight
38
What are the carpal bones names?
Scaphoid, Lunate, Triquetral, Pisiform | Trapezium, Trapezoid, Capitate, Hamate
39
What is the wrist joint formally called?
Distal radiocarpal joint
40
Which bones articulate at the wrist?
Radius, Scaphoid, Lunate, Triquetral
41
What type of joint is the 1st CMC
Synovial saddle joint
42
What movements are allowed at MCP joints?
Flexion, extension, abduction, adduction and circumduction
43
What are PIP and DIP
Proximal interphalangeal joint | Distal interphalngeal joint
44
What movements allowed at PIP and DIP
Flexion and extension
45
What is midprone position?
Halfway between supination and pronation
46
What is the definition of "intrinsic" muscles?
Muscles that originate and end in the hand
47
What is the definition of "extrinsic" muscles?
Muscles that originate in the forearm but end in the hand
48
What muscle is absent in 15% of the population?
Palmaris longus
49
What area does "thenar" refer to?
Intrinsic muscles of the thumb
50
What area does "hypothenar" refer to?
Intrinsic muscles of the little finger
51
Name muscles involved in closing the hand
Intrinsic: Flexor pollicis brevis,Opponens Pollicis, Flexor Digiti Minimi, Opponens Digiti Minimi and Adductor Pollicis Extrinsic: Flexor Digitorum Superficialis, Flexory Digitorum Profundus and Flexor Pollicis Longus
52
What are the three muscles involved in precision movements of the hand?
Lumbricals - four long muscles which each pass the MCP joint. Flexion MCP joint and extension IP joint of the fingers (not the thumb) Palmar Interossei - Four long muscles that lie in the spaces between the metacarpals. Adduct (PAD), locaetd in between the lumbricals and the dorsal interossei Dorsal Interossei - Four muscles that fill the space between the metacarpal bones. They are the most superficial muscles and can be seen on the back of the han. Abduct (DAB)
53
What are the three nerves of the hand and fingers?
Ulna, median and radial
54
What are the two types of grips?
Precision and power
55
Sub-groups of precision grips?
Pinch grip, key grip, plate grip, pincer grip and tripod grip
56
Sub-groups of power grips
Cylinder grip, hook grip and ball grip
57
Precision grip involves holding an object between...?
Thumb, index and middle finger
58
Which grip uses all the finger flexed around an object?
Ball Grip
59
Which grip is also called the "lateral pinch"?
Kep grip
60
Which grip involved the DIP and PIP joints in extension?
Plate grip
61
The tripod grip is used to perfrom what task?
Writing
62
Which grip is used to hold railings or pick up a glass of water?
Cylinder grip

Human Body and Movement (2 decks)

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