Arid landscape development in contrasting settings Flashcards
What are deflation hollows, and how do they form in deserts?
Deflation hollows are depressions created by the removal of loose particles by wind. They form in areas with little vegetation and loose sediments.
What is a desert pavement, and how is it created?
A desert pavement is a surface covered with closely packed, interlocking rock fragments. It forms as finer particles are removed by wind and water, leaving behind larger fragments.
What are yardangs, and what processes lead to their formation?
Yardangs are streamlined ridges carved by wind erosion. They form in areas with consistent wind directions and soft rock layers.
What are ventifacts, and how do they form in arid regions?
Ventifacts are rocks shaped by wind-driven abrasion. They form in areas with strong winds and abundant sand particles.
What is a zeugen, and how does it develop in desert environments?
A zeugen is a rock pillar or ridge formed by differential erosion. It develops where hard and soft rock layers erode at different rates.
What are barchans, and what conditions lead to their formation?
Barchans are crescent-shaped sand dunes with horns pointing downwind. They form in areas with unidirectional winds and limited sand supply.
What are seif dunes, and how do they differ from other dune types?
Seif dunes are long, narrow sand dunes formed by bidirectional winds. They differ from other dunes by their orientation and shape.
What are wadis, and how do they form in deserts?
Wadis are dry riverbeds that fill with water during heavy rainfall. They form through the erosion of rock by intermittent streams.
What are bahadas, and how do they develop?
Bahadas are coalescing alluvial fans formed at the base of mountain ranges. They develop from sediment deposition by intermittent streams.
What are pediments, and how are they formed?
Pediments are gently sloping rock surfaces at the base of mountains. They form through the erosion of rock by wind and water.
What are playas, and why are they significant in desert landscapes?
Playas are dry lake beds formed in endoreic basins. They are significant for their unique ecosystems and geological features.
What are inselbergs, and how do they arise in arid regions?
Inselbergs are isolated rock hills that rise abruptly from flat plains. They arise through the erosion of surrounding softer rock.
How does the relationship between process, time, landforms, and landscapes shape characteristic desert settings?
The relationship between processes (e.g., erosion, deposition), time, landforms (e.g., dunes, wadis), and landscapes determines the unique features of desert settings. Over time, various processes interact to create and modify desert landforms, resulting in characteristic landscapes.
