Arguement Chapter Vocab Flashcards
When evidence boils to “everyone’s doing it”
Ac populum (bandwagon appeal)
Switching the argument from the issue at hand to the character of the other speaker. “Against the man”
Ad hominem.
When someone who has no expertise on an issue is cited as authority.
Appeal to false authority
A process of reasoned inquiry; a persuasive discourse resulting in a coherent and considered movement from a claim to a conclusion
Argument
When a Claim is based on evidence or support that is in doubt.
Begging the question
When writer repeats a claim to provide evidence
Circular reasoning
Also called assertion or proposition. States the arguments main idea or position.
Claim
Asserts something is true or not true
Claim of fact
Proposes a change
Clam of policy
Argues that something is good or bad, write or wrong,
Claim of value
Five part argument structure:1.) intro 2.) narration 3.) confirmation 4.) refutation 5) conclusion
Classical oration
Statement of the main idea of the argument that also previews the major points the writer intends to make
Closed thesis
Logical process where one reaches a conclusion by starting with a general principle or universal truth (major premise) and applying it to a specific case (minor premise)
Deduction
Where speaker presents two extreme options as the only possible choices
Either/ or (false dilemma)
When an analogy compares two things that are not comparable
Faulty analogy
When faulty conclusion is reached because of inadequate evidence
Hasty generalization
Potential vulnerabilities or weakness in an argument
Fallacy
This thesis does not list all your main points
Open thesis
When it is incorrect to claim something is a cause just because it happened before
Post hoc ergo propter hoc
Makes the claim less absolute. Usually , most likely, in most cases
Qualifier
Gives voice to possible objections
Rebuttal
Explains terms and conditions of a qualifier
Reservation
Evidence assessed through research reading and investigation
Second hand evidence
When A speaker chooses a poor or oversimplified examples on purpose to ridicule or refute an idea,
Straw man
A logical structure that uses major and minor premise to reach a necessary conclusion .
Syllogism
