ARF Flashcards
Acute respiratory failure is a consequence of _____
Respiratory dysfunction
ARF is defined by an arterial blood gas values of Arterial Oxygen _____ Arterial Co2_______ and PaCo2 ________
<50-60 mmHg, > 50 mmHg, 8kPA ( 60mmHg)
What is the normal PaCo2 in mmHg and kPa
38-42 or 35-45 mmHg and 5.1 - 5.6 kPa
ARF occurs when lung air sacs cannot release enough _______ into the blood
O2
ARF can be classified as
Ventilatory pump Failure, Pulmonary Failure or Hypoventilation, chronic airflow limitation, ARDS
Respiratory system can be divided into
Gas exchange apparatus and Pump apparatus/ Ventilatory pump
What consist the gas exchange apparatus / pulmonary pump
Lungs
Pump apparatus is consist of :
Respiratory muscles, chest wall, central control system
The two mechanism of ARF are
Pulmonary failure and ventilatory failure
In the first mechanism , the co2 level remains _____ while the o2 level _____
High since it can diffuse out of the capillaries while O2 decreases since alveoli fails to adequately diffuse it to the blood causing hypoxemic respiratory failure
In ventilatory pump failure there is ____ Co2 and _________ O2 since
High Co2 and steady or severely low O2 since alveoli cannot adequately perform gas exchange
The common cause of ARF is
COPD
In failure of oxygen there is ______ without a rise in _____
Hypoxemia, co2
Hypoventilation have both ____ and _____
Hypoxemia and hypercapnia
Give atleast 3 signs of ARF
Dyspnea,tachypnea, SOB, Agitation,Dysarrythmia, Hypotension, Tachycardia, HTN, impaired judgement, restlessness, cyanosis
