area of study 2 - music for ensemble

Question 1

12 bar blues

Answer 1

chord progression - I, I, I, I, IV, IV, I, I, V, IV, I, I/V

Question 2

scat

Answer 2

jazz improvisation using nonsensical phrases dooboodooobapbooopppodoodleydoodooodoooodaye
not to be confused with poop

Question 3

improvised

Answer 3

music made up on the spot

Question 4

blue notes

Answer 4

flattened (half step down) 3rd, 5ths, 7ths

Question 5

syncopations

Answer 5

off beat accents (momentary emphasising)

Question 6

a jazz ensemble may contain:

Answer 6

rhythm section

drums
bass
piano/guitar

horn section

trumpet
trombone
saxophone

Question 7

call and response/antiphony

Answer 7

a phrase played/sung by a leader and repeated by others

Question 8

walking bass line

Answer 8

bass line that walks up and down the notes of a scale/arpeggio

Question 9

swing style

Answer 9

jazzy rhythm with a triplet

Question 10

monophonic

Answer 10

a single line of melody

Question 11

homophonic

Answer 11

a chordal style/melody moving together

Question 12

polyphonic

Answer 12

a more complex texture with multiple lines

Question 13

melody and accompaniment

Answer 13

a tune with accompaniment

Question 14

unison

Answer 14

all the instruments play at the same time

Question 15

descant

Answer 15

a higher pitch line

Question 16

countermelody

Answer 16

a new melody that combines with the theme

Question 17

canon

Answer 17

melody gets repeated exactly in different parts but starting at different times, overlapping

Question 18

drone

Answer 18

long held notes

Question 19

chordal

Answer 19

the music moves in chords

Question 20

concerto

Answer 20

playing together
baroque - small soloist group accompanied by a larger group for contrast
classical period - solo instrument accompanied by a full orchestra to show off the soloist’s skill

Question 21

contrapuntal

Answer 21

melodic lines interweaving

Question 22

fugal/fugue

Answer 22

a specific type of counterpoint where the melody is heard in each voice on the tonic, dominant while the other voices have countermelodies

Question 23

octaves

Answer 23

voices/instruments playing the same melody 8 notes apart

Question 24

sonata

Answer 24

“sounding,” a piece for a solo instrument, often with a keyboard accompaniment

Question 25

symphony

Answer 25

an orchestra work developed in the classical period with 4 movements: fast, slow, minuet, trio, fast