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Higher Biology > Area 1 Humans cells > Flashcards

Area 1 Humans cells Flashcards

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1
Q

what is a somatic cell

A

A somatic cell is any cell in the body other than cells involved in reproduction

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2
Q

What is a somatic cell

A

A stomatic cell is any cell in the body other than the cells used in reproduction

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3
Q

how do somatic cells divide by

A

Stomatic cells divide by mitosis

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4
Q

what are germline cells

A

geremline are cells used in reproduction

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5
Q

how do germline cells divide

A

mitosis and meiosis

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6
Q

when germline cells divide by mitosis they produce

A

more germline cells

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7
Q

when germline cells divide my meiosis they produce

A

produce haploid gametes

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8
Q

what are the two process of meiosis

A

1 separates homogolus pairs chromosomes

2 separating pairs of chromatids

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9
Q

what is cellular differentiation

A

the process by which a cel expresses certain genes to produce proteins characteristics for that type of cell

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10
Q

what does cellular differentiation allow

A

It allows a cell to carry out specialised functions

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11
Q

Are stem cells somatic

A

yes

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12
Q

what can embryonic stem cell do

A

embryonic stem cell are pluripotent and can differiante into all cell types that make up a human

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13
Q

What are the genes like in a embryonic stem cell

A

All the genes in a embryonic stem cell can be switched off so they can differnciate in to any cell type.

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14
Q

what can tissue stem cell do

A

They are involved in growth and repair they are multipoint and can diferencite into all types of cells found in a particular tissue type

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15
Q

therapeutic uses of stem cells

A

skin grafts and corneal repair stem cells can also be used for new drug testing

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16
Q

stem cells ethical issuesxxxx

A

Beacsue it involves the destruction of an early embryo e which could create human life

17
Q

who do cancer cells work

A

They divide excessively because they do nor respond to regulatory signals uncontrollable cell division result sin a mass of abnormal tissues called a tumor

18
Q

secondary tumour

A

the tumors may fail to attach to each other spreading through the body and forming secondary tumours.

19
Q

what do somatic cells divide by

A

They decide by mitioso

20
Q

what are gremline cells

A

gremline cells are cells used in

Higher Biology (3 decks)

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