Architecture of the great schism

Question 1

Describe Byzantium

Answer 1

Constantinople is the capital,
Marked the Fusion of roman engineering with greek culture.

Lasted 1000 years,

Constantinople later renamed istanbul

Question 2

What year did the great schism occur and what actually is it?

Answer 2

1054, Was the formal break of the church, Catholic church (western latin, rome) Orthodox church (Eastern greek, constantinople)

Question 3

What is the ottoman empire?

Answer 3

After the fall of constantinople in 1453, byzantine empire ends.

Ottoman bring islamic art throughout southern europe.

Ottoman empire defeated in ww1 and replaced by turkey

Question 4

Explain the development of decorative architecture

Answer 4

Architecture used as a way to reinforce religion.

Dome central to society

Byzantine developed technique for building dome over square plan.

Question 5

What is a pendetive

Answer 5

When byzantine discovered technique to build dome over square plan. They used pendetives to transfer loads, they helped to turn sideways to thrust loads to vertical.

Used in St. Sofia, Instanbuln

Question 6

What did the great mosque in cordoba use instead of pendetives and what do they do?

Answer 6

Used squinches. Straight or arched structures across an interior angle to d a square tower to carry a superstructure as a dome. They were strengthened by a framework of ribs and the design was later exploited by gothic master masons

Question 7

What is fatehpur sikri

Answer 7

Founded in 1571 by emperor akbar.

Now a unesco world heritage sight.

Fusion of muslim and hindu styles of time.

Layout was a continuous sequence of buildings

Question 8

Explain the taj mahal

Answer 8

Commissioned by emperor Jahan

Mogul/islamic style

Extensive use of marble

Question 9

What is romanesque (7)

Answer 9

Sometimes called norman

Churches based on roman basilica (long routes to altar, large spaces, small stones)

Semi-circular arch

Groin vault

Solidity

Carving influenced by nature

Massing

Question 10

Give 1 example of a romanesque church

Answer 10

St. john the baptist, edingham

Question 11

Briefly explain and give an example of carolingian architecture

Answer 11

Had influence from byzantine

Eg. palatine chapel, palace of aachen

Question 12

Briefly explain and give an example of moorish (3)

Answer 12

Characterized by fine detailing

8th to 14th century, although influence carried on

Eg Voronstov palace, ukraine

Question 13

Where and what is modern byzantine (3)

Answer 13

mainly seen in moscow russia

Orthodox church carried on the byzantine influence

St basils cathedral, moscow

Question 14

Briefly explain the western roman empire

Answer 14

Collapsed in 476

Europe entered dark ages

Seperate states made up of former roman provinces

Celtic and catholic church unify to make roman catholic church