Arch History 2 Final Flashcards
Jacques-Francois Blondel
“radical style”
disposition vs distribution
Nicolas Le Camus de Mézières
“The Genius Architecture”: character of architecture/ art of pleasing/ the primacy of feeling
Charles Le Brun
physiognomy
physiognomy
and who
expression of passions (studying human face) (Brun)
“the little house”
shows architecture can be seductive (Bastide)
radical style
style should fit the purpose of the building (Blondel)
“The Genius Architecture”
the “character” of architecture and art of pleasing (Mezieres)
Bastide
“The Little House”: novel shows architectural seduction
three french visionary architects
imagination
- Boullee
- Ledoux
- Lequeu
Marc-Antoine Laugier
“essays on architecture”
rational approach in a chaotic and principle-less age
“essays on architecture”
defined the ‘primitive hut’ (Laugier)
Soufflot
Saint Genevieve (french pantheon)
debated with piers over the pantheons dimensions
Leader of rational design while traditional renaissance arch follows human life
Saint Geneive
french pantheon (soufflot) most important french 18th cen. building
Soufflot focused on ______ while the renaissance traditionally focused on ______
rationality
human life
Edmund Burke
book on “sublime”
Boullee
drawings:
“magnificent scale”
simple geometrical bodies
sublime
magnificent scale
humans look very small
sublime
more related to darkness than light
nothing can be sublime
related to boullee’s drawings
Ledoux’s most important design
Ideal city of Chaux: individual buildings focus on individual needs
Lequeu
self portraits
bedchambers in dream
temples for nature (hunting gateway)
Giambattista Vico
“Principles of New Science”
recycling history
“Principles of New Science”
(vico) uses references to the past over progressive scientific models
Carlo Lodoli
teaches proper use and nature of materials
pragmatic ideas–> reductive modernist motto
the “reductive modernist motto”
form follows function
Giovanni Battista Piranesi
two engravings:
- views of rome
- prisons (drawn twice)
Piranesi’s two engravings compared to each other:
prisons (the second set) is much darker/twisted
Piranesi’s Prisons engraving was…
very ahead of his time
Chinoiserie
(imitating Chinese techniques in western art/architecture)
fantasy toward other cultures and the folies transplanted from exotic architecture and gardens
…. Anglo-Chinese gardens
Anglo-Chinese gardens from what perspective:
french ironic perspective
Giuseppe Castiglione
Jesuit painter
lead design team of European baroque gardens for Chinese emperor in Beijing
integrated western metaphysical perspectival view and Chinese cosmological meandering view
Viollet-le-Duc
RATIONAL FRENCH GOTHIC REVIVALIST
french leader of classical revivalism
gothic revival
rationalist despite reviving romantic gothic churches
Charles Barry
houses of parliament in London
nationalistic impulse
nationalistic impulse
gothic revivalism in england
houses of parliament
(barry) looks like classic gothic due to nationalistic intention
arts and crafts movement
which/where movement
english gothic revivalism
traditional craftsmanship during the age of mass production and machinery
leader of arts and crafts movement:
William Morris
Red House
red house (which movement)
apart of the arts and crafts movement
neo-palladianism
cross Atlantic movement (USA and England)
thomas jefferson
follows Palladio’s four books
Thomas Jefferson
brought neo-palladianism through univ of virginia and his monticello house
Utopianism in USA
french concept used in early settlements
Charles Fourier
french philosopher
leader in concept of Utopia
designs were influential to USA settlements
Ecole des Beaux Arts
Paris school.
watercolor drawings
education of classicism overthrew tradition
Ecole Polytechnique
engineering school that includes architecture teaching
Jean Durand
taught the utilitarian art of composition at Paris schools.
rejected Vitruvian classic orders
Crystal Palace
London
Joseph Paxton
vision of modern transparency
Joseph Paxton designed _______ in London
Crystal Palace
Jeremy Bentham’s study
Panopticon
Panopticon
designed prisons that shows the power of vision (Bentham)
neoclassicism emphasizes
romantic sensations
John Soane
England
house of memory
design of bank of England
theory of architecture as a costume
Gottfried Semper
Germany
“The Four Elements of Architecture”
Semper’s the 4 elements of architecture:
hearth
roof
enclosure
mound
Semper and Soane both compare architecture to….
costumes/dressing
Karl Friedrich Schinkel
most important german neoclassic archi
atlas museum
Atlas Museum (who and importance)
(schinkel)
shows some romanticism in drawings
Soufflot mixed…
gothic and renaissance
the french pantheon argument was about
dimensions/cost/rationality
bed chambers in dream by
lequeu
temples for nature
lequeu
house of memory (who)
Soane
bank of England (who)
Soane
