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Ocular 7 > Aqueous And Vitrous Humor > Flashcards

Aqueous And Vitrous Humor Flashcards

1
Q

What is aqueous humor?

A

Clear, slightly alkaline liquid that occupies anterior and posterior chambers

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2
Q

How is aqueous humor similar and different from blood plasma?

A

Aqueous humor has LESS protein and glucose, but MORE lactic and ascorbic acid

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3
Q

What is the function of aqueous humor?

A

Provide nutrients, mostly oxygen, to avascular cornea and lens

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4
Q

Where is aqueous humor produced?

A

In the pars plicata and secreted through NPCE into the posterior chamber

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5
Q

What is the point of ascorbic acid?

A

It is a water soluble vitamin (C) that helps in fighting bacteria and detoxifying and also assists in the formation of collagen

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6
Q

What is the volume of aqueous humor? What rate is it replaced?

A

0.2 microliters, replaced every 100 minutes

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7
Q

What are the 5 main components of aqueous humor?

A
  • bicarbonate
  • lactic acid
  • ascorbic acid
  • chlorides
  • glucose
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8
Q

What is the difference in aqueous humor between healthy eye and pathology? In cataract?

A

NONE, BITCH

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9
Q

What is the composition of vitreous humor?

A

-transparent liquid of salts, soluble protein, and hyaluronic acid contained within a meshqork of collagen

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10
Q

What is the primary part of vitreous humor?

A

Waterrrrrrrrrrr

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11
Q

How would someone describe vitreous humor?

A

Connective tissue status AND extracellular matrix

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12
Q

What are the main metabolites in vitreous humor that would help treat age related retinal degernation?

A
  • magnesium serum
  • copper serum
  • zinc serum
  • selenium serum
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13
Q

Where is vitreous humor said to be produced?

A

Pars plana NPCE

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14
Q

Where is the collagen content in the vitreous highest? What’s the order then?

A

Highest at base, then in posterior cortex, then anterior cortex, and lowest in the center

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15
Q

Why is the vitreous humor transparent?

A

Uniform collagen fibrils (8-16mm)

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16
Q

What types of collagen are found in the vitreous humor? Amounts?

A
  • type II: fibril forming, 60-75%
  • Type IX: 25%
  • Type XI: 10%, combines with type II to make the core of the heterotypic fibrils
17
Q

How much more ascorbic acid is in the vitreous than the plasma?

A

40 times more in vitreous

18
Q

Name the 6 non-collagen components of vitreous

A
  • fibrillin
  • opticin
  • GAGs
  • hyaluronic acid
  • hyalocytes
  • fibroblasts
19
Q

What is the purpose of fibrillin? What disease is associated with it?

A
  • major structural component of zonules
  • probably enforce collagen
  • marfans is caused by mutation of Fibrillin-1 and can result in ectopic lens
20
Q

What is opticin? Purpose?

A
  • member of family of extracellular matrix, LEUCINE RICH repeat protein
  • binds growth hormones and GAGs
21
Q

Tell me about GAGs and vitreous

A
  • GAGs are associated with water

- GAG content is highest in the vitreous because it has the most water (next highest is cornea, then sclera)

22
Q

As GAGs are related to water, what is hyaluronic acid related to?

A

Collagen. More collagen means more HA

23
Q

What is the purpose of hyaluronic acid in vitreous? Where is the highest concentration of HA?

A
  • it is located within the collagen fibrils to maintain wide spacing of fibrils
  • the interaction of HA with collagen makes the vitreous more gel like
  • highest concentration is in the posterior cortex and he amount decreases centrally and anteriorly
24
Q

How is HA different from a normal GAG?

A

-it is not linked to a core protein like normal GAGs and it is never sulphated

25
Q

What happens to the amount of HA as we age?

A

We lose it so the gel becomes more liquid

26
Q

What are hyalocytes?

A

Vitreous cells that are thought to make HA

27
Q

What is the purpose of hyalocytes?

A
  • building: making glycoproteins for collagen

- Eating: phagocytic properties

28
Q

Where are hyalocytes located?

A

In a single wide spread layer in the cortex near the vitreal surface and parallel to it

29
Q

Where do the hyalocytes do their functions?

A
  • build more when anterior to the ora serrata

- eat more when posterior to the ora serrata

30
Q

Where are the fibroblasts located? What is their purpose?

A
  • located in vitreous base near ciliary body and near optic disc
  • synthesize collagen fibrils
31
Q

What are the four functions of vitreous humor?

A
  1. Physical support to hold the retina in place near the choroid
  2. Storage area for metabolites and a path to exchange metabolites
  3. Shock absorber for retina
  4. Transmit and refract light to help retina focus light
32
Q

What are floaters?

A
  • collagen fibrils coalescing when HA around collagen starts to degenerate
  • light hits the condensations of collagen and creates a shadow

Ocular 7 (6 decks)

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