Aquatics Flashcards
Salt ______ the boiling point of water.
raises
What type of bond occurs in the water molecule?
covalent
Why are nitrites harmful?
Nitrites can react with the hemoglobin in the blood of warm-blooded animals (like humans) to make a substance called methemoglobin which interferes with the blood’s ability to carry oxygen.
The term melting means _____.
the phase changing from a solid to a liquid
What is cohesion?
the attractive force between two or more of the same molecules
“A body immersed in a liquid, either wholly or partially, is buoyed up by a force equal to the weight of the liquid displaced by the body.” This quote is known as ____.
Archimedes’ Principle
What is hydrostatic pressure?
the force a liquid exerts on a body in all directions at one depth
What is synergy?
when two or more things work together to produce a greater impact, positive or negative, than either would have by itself
In order to float, an object needs to ___________ as much water as it weighs.
displace
What is adhesion?
the attractive force between two unlike substances
Sedimentation refers to ____.
the settling of materials at the bottom of a liquid
The term vaporization means _____.
the phase changing from a liquid to a gas
Solids, such as ice, also have definite _____.
volume, shape, structure
What atoms and how many of each make up a water molecule?
2 atoms of hydrogen and 1 of oxygen
What is surface tension?
a property of liquid that allows it to resist external forces
______________ causes water droplets to hang in the end of a leaf.
Adhesion
What type of bond occurs between water molecules?
covalent
Liquids, such as liquid water, have a definite ____________, but not a definite shape.
volume
______________ water has no definite shape or volume.
Gaseous
What are nutrients?
minerals and elements that serve a vital function of living organisms
The definition of the term element is ____.
a substance composed of only one type of atom
According to Archimedes’ principle, if the buoyancy of an object is negative it will ________.
sink
Where does evaporation occur?
on the surface of the liquid only
The definition of the term atom is ____.
the building block of matter; indivisible
What is density?
how much stuff is packed into a certain space, mass per unit of volume
Total suspended solids refer to ____.
a measurement of the total amount of solids in a liquid that cannot pass through a 2-miron filter
According to Archimedes’ principle, if the buoyancy of an object is positive, it will ________.
float
Ice is held together in a ________ structure.
hexagonal
Too much of ___________ can cause excess algae growth and deplete dissolved oxygen supplies.
phosphorus, nitrogen
What is the definition of the word diffusion?
the process where matter in an area of high concentration moves to an area of low concentration
If a diver changes hydrostatic pressure too quickly, it can cause ____.
decompression
What is pH and what does it measure?
it is how acidic or basic something is, it is generally a measure of how many hydrogen ions (H+) or hydroxide ions (OH-) are in the water
What happens between 4 and 0 °C?
the hydrogen bonds expand
What is buoyancy?
upward force that acts on every object that is at least partially submerged in water
What is the definition of the word dissolve?
to become fully incorporated into a liquid
Why is carbon dioxide important?
It is an essential part for plants respiration process and is a by product that humans need to survive in order to breathe, Humans and other animals exhale it as a waste product, It produces carbonic acid which improves the quality of air.
Siltation refers to ____.
the settling of very small particles, such as sand and clay, at the bottom of a liquid
What shape is liquid water thought to maintain the longest?
tetrahedron
According to Archimedes’ principle, if the buoyancy of an object is neutral it will ________.
be partially submerged
The definition of the term hydrogen bond refers to ____.
a bond between molecules due to the attraction of slightly negatively and slightly positively charged atoms
Which has more dissolved oxygen, a stream at sea level or a stream up a mountain top? Why?
The stream at sea level because there is more air, which increases pressure, pressure allows for more molecules to diffuse into the water.
The definition of the term molecule is ____.
two or more atoms chemically combined
Where does boiling occur?
anywhere in the liquid
Total dissolved solids refer to ____.
a measurement of the total amount of solids dissolved in a liquid that can pass through a 2-micron filter
Turbidity refers to ____.
a measurement of the amount of solids in a liquid based on how much light is scattered by the solid particles
Dissolved carbon dioxide ____.
helps form coral skeletons
What is heat capacity?
the amount of energy needed to raise the temperature of a substance by 1 °C
If water behaved like other molecules of similar weight, earth would be a ____.
gas
Which has more dissolved oxygen, warm or cold water? Why?
cold, less movement, less likely to break free
Why is fecal coliform in water measured separately from other suspended solids?
due to its potential for pollution and disease
A paper clip can float on water because of:
surface tension
