Aquatic Exercise Training

Question 1

Physics Related to Aquatic Therapy

Buoyancy

Cohesion

Density

Hydrostatic Pressure

Turbulence

Answer 1

• Buoyancy
  
  • creates apparent dec in weight and jt unloading with easier mvmnt
• Cohesion
  
  • responsible for resistance encountered
• Density
  
  • proportional to the depth of water
• Hydrostatic Pressure
  
  • circumferential water exerted on body part
  • (=) on all surfaces
  • increased pressure counteracts effusion and enhances peripheral blood flow
• Turbulence
  
  • use of equipment increases resistance and drag
  • resistance exercise can be controlled by the speed of the movement

Question 2

Thermodynamics of Aquatic Exercise

Answer 2

• water temp cooler = high intensity exercise
  
  • (27-28 C)
• warm temp = enhance mobility, flex, relax
  
  • 33-34 C
• ambient air temp ~3-4 deg C higher
• at temps > 37 C = increase CV demand
• at temps < 25 C = dif maintain core temp
  *

Question 3

Contraindications to Aquatic Exercise

Answer 3

• bowel or bladder incontinence
• severe kidney disease
• severe epilepsy
• severe cardiac or respiratory dysfunction
• severe PVD
• large open wounds, skin infections, colostomy
• bleeding or hemorrhage
• water and airborne infections - flu, GI

Question 4

Cardiopulmonary Responses to Water Immersion

Cause:

SV/CO/HR

Hydrostatic pressure

THR

Answer 4

• Cause:
  
  • hydrostatic pressure and include a cephalad redistribution of blood flow
• SV/CO/HR
  
  • SV/CO will increase
  • HR will stay same or decrease
• Hydrostatic pressure
  
  • challenges chest expansion
  • decreases Inspiratory Reserve (IRV) and therefor FVC
• THR
  
  • should be determined in the pool due to lower HR during deep water exercise compared to land based