Aqidah Flashcards
What do we believe as muslims?
‘Know that there is no god but Allah.’
What is aqidah?
definition as -bound/tied
creed
theology
what we believe with conviction
What do we learn in aqidah?
[1] Theology (Ilahiyat)—beliefs about Allah
[2] Prophetology (Nubuwwat)—beliefs about the Prophets and
Messengers of Allah
[3] Transmitted beliefs (Sam’iyyat)—beliefs about unseen realities
Other names of aqidah
Ilm al-Tawhid—the science pertaining to divine oneness
Usul al-Din—the foundations of the religion
Al-Fiqh al-Akbar—the Greatest Understanding
Iman—faith, belief
What is dogma
a principle or set of principles laid down by an authority as incontrovertibly true
What is Hukm/judgement
To make a statement to affirm or negate
Affirmative: X [is] Y
· Negational: X [is not] Y
What is the difference between
RATIONAL and EMPIRICAL judgement?
RATIONAL–The judgement of the mind that does not
depend on revelation or observation of nature.
EMPIRICAL–The judgement gained through the
senses and repetitio
What is important to know about rational judgement?
The rational judgement is affirming or negating X from Y, but does not rely
on the Shariah or empirical observation.
For example 1+1=2
What are the types of rational judgements?
NECESSARY: Non-existence cannot be envisioned as existing) This is a
double negative. It must be. ‘Cannot NOT be.’
IMPOSSIBLE: The opposite of necessary. You cannot envisage. All
intellects come to the same conclusion.
POSSIBLE: It might be or might not b
what are the three categories of attributes to Allah swt?
- self signifying
- negating
- positive attributes
What is the self-signifying trait?
Existence (Nasfiyya)
What does existence negate?
it is necessary (intrinsic) - Allah is a must, does not depend on others. We are extrinsic, we depend on presence of the intrinsic
What are the five negating attributes?
- Beginningless
- Endlessness
- Not comparable to others
- self-sustaining
- Oneness
What do these five negating attributes negate?
- Beginningless -negates non-existence prior to existence
- Endlessness -negates end
- Not comparable to others -negates resemblance
- self-sustaining -negates needing anyone /dependence
- Oneness -negates dependence
What are the 7 positive attributes?
- power (qudra)
- life (hayat)
- will (irada)
- hearing (samaa)
- seeing (basar)
- speech (kalam)
- knowledge (ilm)
What are the 7 negating the 7 positive attributes?
- inability
- death
- compulsion
- ignorance
- deafness
- blindness
- dumbness/mute
importance of negating attributes?
we know who He is by knowing who is He is not
What is
Knowledge is a beginningless attribute by which all that is known is
manifested as it really is, such that it does not carry the possibility of deficiency
in any way whatsoever.
