Aqa psychology a level memory specification Flashcards
What is the multi-store model of memory?
A model that describes memory as consisting of three stores: sensory memory, short-term memory, and long-term memory.
True or False: Short-term memory has an unlimited capacity.
False
Fill in the blank: The duration of short-term memory is typically _____ seconds.
15-30
What are the three main processes involved in memory?
Encoding, storage, and retrieval.
Which part of the brain is primarily associated with long-term memory?
The hippocampus.
Multiple choice: Which type of memory involves the recollection of facts and events? A) Procedural B) Semantic C) Implicit
B) Semantic
What is the capacity of short-term memory according to Miller’s theory?
7 ± 2 items.
True or False: Long-term memory is permanent and has a limited capacity.
False
Fill in the blank: The process of converting information into a form that can be stored in memory is called _____
Encoding
What is the difference between explicit and implicit memory?
Explicit memory involves conscious recall, while implicit memory does not.
Multiple choice: Which type of memory is involved in performing tasks without conscious awareness? A) Explicit B) Implicit C) Sensory
B) Implicit
What is the primary function of working memory?
To temporarily hold and manipulate information.
True or False: The serial position effect demonstrates that people remember the middle items in a list better than the first and last items.
False
Fill in the blank: The phenomenon where the first and last items in a list are remembered better is known as the _____ effect.
serial position
What role does rehearsal play in memory?
Rehearsal helps to maintain information in short-term memory and aids in transferring it to long-term memory.
Multiple choice: Which type of rehearsal involves repeating information exactly as it is? A) Elaborative B) Maintenance C) Chunking
B) Maintenance
What is the difference between semantic and episodic memory?
Semantic memory relates to general knowledge, while episodic memory relates to personal experiences.
True or False: Context-dependent memory suggests that retrieval is easier when the context at recall matches the context at encoding.
True
Fill in the blank: The inability to retrieve information due to a lack of cues is known as _____ forgetting.
cue-dependent
What is the primary focus of the levels of processing theory?
The depth of processing affects how well information is remembered.
Multiple choice: Which level of processing involves focusing on the meaning of information? A) Shallow B) Intermediate C) Deep
C) Deep
What is the significance of the encoding specificity principle?
It states that memory is improved when information available at encoding is also available at retrieval.
True or False: Proactive interference occurs when older memories interfere with the retrieval of newer memories.
True
Fill in the blank: The process of forgetting that occurs when new information disrupts the retrieval of old information is called _____ interference.
retroactive
What is the role of the prefrontal cortex in memory?
It is involved in working memory and executive functions.
Multiple choice: What type of memory test asks individuals to recall information without any cues? A) Recognition B) Recall C) Relearning
B) Recall
What is the impact of sleep on memory consolidation?
Sleep enhances the process of consolidating memories from short-term to long-term storage.
