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Incomplete - USE 'BIOLOGY UNIT 2' CARDS - AQA GCSE Additional Biology > AQA GCSE Additional Biology > Flashcards

AQA GCSE Additional Biology Flashcards

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1
Q

What is the scientific name for a simple cell?

A

Epithelial cell

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2
Q

What do we call a cell with special features

A

A specialised cell

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3
Q

Nucleus, ribosomes and mitochondria are examples of what?

A

Cell organelles

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4
Q

What is the function of a cell nucleus?

A

Controls the cell and contains genetic information

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5
Q

What is the function of mitochondria?

A

Mitochondria are where energy is released for the cell through respiration.

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6
Q

What is the function of ribosomes?

A

Ribosomes carry out protein synthesis. This is where proteins are built up from amino acids.

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7
Q

What is the function of a cell membrane?

A

The cell membrane controls what can enter and exit the cell.

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8
Q

Name 4 specialised animal cells.

A

Sperm cell, nerve cell, muscle cell, ciliated epithelial cell.

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9
Q

Identify the parts of an animal cell.

A

A - Mitochondria

B - Cytoplasm

C - Ribosome

D - Nucleus

E - Cell membrane

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10
Q

What controls the chemical reactions inside a cell?

A

Enzymes

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11
Q

How is a muscle cell specialised for its function?

A

Muscle cells have fibrils that can shorten in length allowing the cell to contract.

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12
Q

How is a sperm cell adapted to carry out its function?

A

Sperm cells have a tail to swim towards and egg. They also have a streamlined shape and a large number of mitochondria to provide energy for movement.

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13
Q

How are nerve cells adapted to carry out their function?

A

They have long fibres to carry impulses and branches at nerve endings to communicate with other nerve cells.

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14
Q

How are ciliated epithelial cells adapted ot carry out their function?

A

They have cilia which can move. This allows dust and mucus to be brushed along cell surfaces e.g. mucus can be moved out of the lungs.

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15
Q

What type of cell is this?

A

Muscle cell

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16
Q

What type of cell is this?

A

Nerve cell

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17
Q

What type of cell is this?

A

Ciliated epithelial cell

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18
Q

Label the plant cell.

A

A - Cell wall

B - Cell membrane

C - Ribosome

D - Chloroplast (containing chlorophyll)

E - Vacuole

F - Nucleus

G - Cytoplasm

H - Mitochondria

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19
Q

What type of cell is this?

A

Root hair cell

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20
Q

Why does this cell form a plant not contain chloroplasts?

A

Becaue it is a root hair cell, found in root, which do not receive sunlight so do not photosynthesise

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21
Q

What is a xylem vessel?

A

Empty tubes made from dead plant cell walls. These tubes are used to transport water from the roots up to the stem and leaves.

22
Q

What is the function of a cell wall?

A

To strengthen and support a cell

23
Q

What is the function of chloroplasts?

A

Chloroplasts are the organelles in which photosynthesis takes place.

24
Q

What do chloroplasts contain?

A

Chlorophyll, which captures sunlight so that the chloroplast can carry out photosynthesis

25
Q

What is the function of a vacuole?

A

The vacuole contains cell sap and helps to support the cell, making it firm.

26
Q

A single celled organism can also be called a…

A

Unicellular organism

27
Q

Identify the labels in the diagram.

A

A - Flagella

B - Cytoplasm

C - Cell membrane

D - Cell wall

E - Plasmid

F - Chromosome

G - Ribosome

28
Q

What does a bacterial cell have instead of a nucleus?

A

A chromosome

29
Q

What is a plasmid?

A

A circular loop of DNA that contains genes to make proteins.

30
Q

What happens in the cytoplasm?

A

The hundreds of enzyme controlled reactions of a cell take place in the cytoplasm.

31
Q

What does a plant cell have that an animal cell does not?

A

Cell wall, chlorplasts, vacuole

32
Q

What type of microorganism is a yeast cell?

A

Fungi

33
Q

Where might you find yeast growing?

A

The surface of fruit, soil, inside surface of body cavities.

34
Q

Identify the parts of a yeast cell

A

A - Vacuole

B - Cytoplasm

C - Mitochondria

D - Nucelus

E - Cell wall

F - Cell membrane

35
Q

Yeast is commonly used in the production of which food?

A

Baking bread (also brewing beer and wine)

36
Q

What is diffusion?

A

The net movement of particles, in a solution, from an area of high concentration to an area of low concetration.

37
Q

What does the ‘net movement’ of particles mean?

A

The overall movement of particles

38
Q

Diffusion occurs through which part of a cell?

A

Cell membrane

39
Q

What is meant by a semi-permeable cell membrane

A

A membrane that allows small particles to pass through.

40
Q

Where in the body does diffusion take place?

A

From the lungs into red blood cells.

41
Q

Identify the different structures in this diagram of cell differentiation.

A

A - Egg cell

B - Sperm cell

C - Zygote

D - Embryo

E - Nerve cell

F - Red blood cell

G - Muscle cell

H - Foetus

42
Q

When cell change into specialised cells we say that they…

A

Differentiate

43
Q

Nerve cells, muscle cells and sperm cells are examples of…

A

specialised cells

44
Q

When many cells come together they form a…

A

Tissue

45
Q

What is the function of nerve tissue

A

To carry electrical signals around the body and brain

46
Q

What is the funciton of epithelial tissue?

A

Epithelial tissue covers the surface of the body (skin) and lines all inner tubes.

47
Q

What is the funciton of glandular tissue?

A

To produce hormones

48
Q

What is the job of muscle tissue?

A

To allow the body to move

49
Q

What is the job of skeletal tissue

A

To support and protect the body

50
Q

Sever groups of organs are called an

A

Organ system

51
Q
A

Incomplete - USE 'BIOLOGY UNIT 2' CARDS - AQA GCSE Additional Biology (1 decks)

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