AQA Combined Chemistry 5.1

Question 1

What do all chemical symbols, e.g. Na and O, have to start with?

Answer 1

A capital letter

Question 2

What is the name of the smallest part of an element that makes up all substances?

Answer 2

An atom

Question 3

What is a mixture?

Answer 3

Two or more elements, or compounds, that are not chemically bonded together

Question 4

Approximately how many different elements are there?

Answer 4

There are around 100 different elements

Question 5

What is a compound?

Answer 5

1) Two or more elements

2) Chemically combined

Question 6

What is the defintion of an isotope?

Answer 6

Atoms of the same element with a different number of neutrons

Question 7

What are the names of the sub-atomic particles in the nucleus of the atom?

Answer 7

Protons and neutrons

Question 8

What are the columns in hte Periodic Table called?

Answer 8

Groups

Question 9

What are the rows in the Periodic Table called?

Answer 9

Periods

Question 10

How are the elements in the Periodic Table arranged?

Answer 10

Atomic (proton) number

Question 11

What similarities are there between elements in the same group?

Answer 11

1) Same number of electrons in outer shell/energy level

2) Similar properties

Question 12

What does the Group Number tell you about the electrons in an element?

Answer 12

Number of electrons in outer shell/energy level

Question 13

Who designed a Peridioc Table that left gaps for undiscovered elements?

Answer 13

Mendeleev

Question 14

In terms of electron arrangement, explain why noble gases are unreactive

Answer 14

They have a full outer shell of electrons.

Question 15

What are the elements in Group 0 called?

Answer 15

Noble gases

Question 16

What charge do non-metal ions have?

Answer 16

Negative

Question 17

Name the products produced when sodium reacts with: 1) Chlorine

2) Oxygen
3) Water

Answer 17

1) Sodium Chloride
2) Sodium Oxide
3) Sodium Hydroxide + Hydrogen

Question 18

What happens to the melting and boiling points of Halogens as you go down the group?

Answer 18

Increase

Question 19

What happens to the reactivity of the Halogens as you go down the group?

Answer 19

Decreases

Question 20

What are the elements in Group 7 of the Periodic Table called?

Answer 20

Halogens

Question 21

The discovery of what sub-atomic particle led to the plum pudding model of the atom?

Answer 21

The electron

Question 22

How can a compound be seperated?

Answer 22

By a chemical reaction

Question 23

Why might a scientist decide to change or replace an exisiting model?

Answer 23

New experimental evidence is put forward

Question 24

Describe how you could use chromatography to identify a banned food dye in food colouring

Answer 24

1) Place food dyes on pencil line on chromatography paper
2) Place paper in solvent
3) Dye will dissolve in water and spread up paper
4) Colours in dye will seperate
5) Compare patterns of the food dyes with chromatogram of the banned food dye

Question 25

What is the charge on an atom?

Answer 25

No overall charge

Question 26

What relationship is there between the number of protons and electrons in an atom?

Answer 26

Number of protons equals the number of electrons

Question 27

Who adapted the nuclear model of the atom by suggesting that electrons orbit at specific distances?

Answer 27

Niels Bohr

Question 28

What are the relative charges of the particles in an atom?

1) Proton
2) Neutron
3) Electron

Answer 28

1) +1
2) 0
3) -1

Question 29

What are the relative masses of the particles in an atom?

1) Proton
2) Neutron
3) Electron

Answer 29

1) 1
2) 1
3) Very small

Question 30

What two conclusions about the atom were drawn from the results of the alpha particle scattering experiment?

Answer 30

1) The mass was concentrated at the centre (nucleus)

2) The nucleus was charged

Question 31

What is the approximate size of the radius of an atom?

Answer 31

0.1 nm (1 x 10^-10^ m)

Question 32

Approximately how many times smaller is the radius of the nucleus of the atom?

Answer 32

Radius of a nucleus is less than 1/10000 of that of the atom (over 10000 times smaller)

Question 33

Who discovered the neutron about 20 years after the discovery of the nucleus?

Answer 33

James Chadwick

Question 34

How do you calculate the mass number of an atom?

Answer 34

Mass number is the sum of protons and neutrons

Question 35

What does the atomic number tell you about the particles in an atom?

Answer 35

Atomic number tells you the number of protons in an atom

Question 36

Calculate the relative atomic mass of chlorine giventhe percentage abundances of the follien isotopes of Chlorine: 75% Chlorine-35 and 25% Chlorine-37

Answer 36

(75% x 35) + (25% x 37) = 35.5

Question 37

Why is the table of elements called a ‘Periodic Table’?

Answer 37

Because elements with similar properties occur at regular intervals

Question 38

How were elements in the early periodic table arranged?

Answer 38

By atomic weights

Question 39

What charge do metal ions have?

Answer 39

Positive

Question 40

Where are metals found on the Periodic Table?

Answer 40

Metals are on the left-hand side of the Periodic Table

Question 41

Where are the non-metlas on the Periodic Table?

Answer 41

Non-metals are on the right-hand side of the Periodic Table

Question 42

What is the name given to the elements in Group 1 of the Periodic Table?

Answer 42

Alkali Metals

Question 43

What happens to the reactivity of alkali metlas as you go down the group?

Answer 43

Increases

Question 44

How does the boiling point of noble gases change as you go down the group?

Answer 44

Increases

Question 45

1) Name the type of reaction shown@
chlorine + sodium bromide - sodium chloride + bromine
2) What does this reaction tell you about the reactivity of chlorine and bromine?

Answer 45

1) Displacement reaction

2) Chlorine is more reactive than bromine

Question 46

Which group of elements form molecules made up of pairs of atoms?

Answer 46

Halogens (group 7)