AQA Chapter 6 Flashcards
What is the definition of Health?
A state of complete physical, mental and social well-being and merely the absence of disease or infirmity.
What is the definition of Fitness?
The ability to meet/cope with the demands of the environment.
Health has 3 distinctive components, what are these?
Physical, mental and social.
What is the definition of well-being?
A mix of physical, social and mental factors that gives people a sense of being comfortable, healthy, and/or happy.
How does taking part in physical activity positively affect PHYSICAL health and well-being?
- Improve your heart function
- Improve the efficiency of the body systems
- Reduce the risk of illness e.g. diabetes
- Help to prevent the onset of obesity
- Enable everyday tasks to be carried out without getting tired
How does taking part in physical activity positively affect MENTAL health and well-being?
- Reduce stress/tension levels
- Release feel good hormones in the body
- Enable a person to control their emotions
What is serotonin?
A ‘feel good’ hormone released in the body when taking part in physical activity.
How does taking part in physical activity positively affect SOCIAL health and well-being?
- Provide opportunities to socialise/make friends
- Encourage cooperation skills
- Encourage team-work skills
- Ensure that essential human needs are met (food, shelter, clothing)
A person’s choice to engage in little, or irregular, physical activity is the definition of what?
Sedentary Lifestyle
What are some potential consequences of choosing to have a sedentary lifestyle?
- Gaining weight
- Heart disease
- Hypertension
- Diabetes
- Insomnia
- Low self-esteem/self-confidence
- Feeling lethargic
- Poor communication skills
What is the definition of obesity?
A term used to describe people with a high fat content - caused by an imbalance of calories consumed to energy expenditure. BMI of over 30 or 20% or more above ideal weight for height.
What are the general classifications for BMI?
<20 = underweight 20-25 = correct weight 25-30 = overweight 30+ = obese
Explain how obesity can affect somebody’s fitness.
- Limit cardiovascular endurance
- Limit flexibility
- Limit agility
- limit speed
Explain how obesity can cause ill PHYSICAL health.
It can contribute to:
- The development of cancer
- Heart disease/attacks
- Increase in blood pressure
- The development of diabetes
- Cholesterol levels rising
- Injury
Explain how obesity can cause ill MENTAL health.
- Lead to depression
- A loss of confidence
Explain how obesity can cause ill SOCIAL health.
- Lead to an inability to socialise
- Make the individual feel uncomfortable to leave home
- Make the individual conscious of how they look
Name the 3 different somatotypes.
Endomorph, Mesomorph and Ectomorph.
Can you list the characteristics of an ectomorph?
- Very thin and lean
- Narrow shoulders and hips
- Not a lot of fat or muscle
- Long arms and legs
- Thin face and high forehead
Can you list the characteristics of an endomorph?
- Pear shaped body
- Narrow shoulders and wide hips
- High content of fat
- Fat around middle, thighs and upper arms
Can you list the characteristics of an mesomorph?
- A wedge shape
- Wide shoulders and narrow hips
- Large muscle content
- Thin waist
What sporting activities ectomorphs best suited to?
- High jump
- Long jump
- Endurance activities e.g running
What sporting activities endomorphs best suited to?
- Sumo wrestling
- Shot Putt
- Front Row Rugby players
What sporting activities mesomorphs best suited to?
- 100m sprinter
- Backs in Rugby
- Weightlifter
What unit is used to measure energy?
Kilocalories (kcal)
