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GCSE PE > AQA Chapter 6 > Flashcards

AQA Chapter 6 Flashcards

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1
Q

What is the definition of Health?

A

A state of complete physical, mental and social well-being and merely the absence of disease or infirmity.

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2
Q

What is the definition of Fitness?

A

The ability to meet/cope with the demands of the environment.

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3
Q

Health has 3 distinctive components, what are these?

A

Physical, mental and social.

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4
Q

What is the definition of well-being?

A

A mix of physical, social and mental factors that gives people a sense of being comfortable, healthy, and/or happy.

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5
Q

How does taking part in physical activity positively affect PHYSICAL health and well-being?

A
  • Improve your heart function
  • Improve the efficiency of the body systems
  • Reduce the risk of illness e.g. diabetes
  • Help to prevent the onset of obesity
  • Enable everyday tasks to be carried out without getting tired
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6
Q

How does taking part in physical activity positively affect MENTAL health and well-being?

A
  • Reduce stress/tension levels
  • Release feel good hormones in the body
  • Enable a person to control their emotions
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7
Q

What is serotonin?

A

A ‘feel good’ hormone released in the body when taking part in physical activity.

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8
Q

How does taking part in physical activity positively affect SOCIAL health and well-being?

A
  • Provide opportunities to socialise/make friends
  • Encourage cooperation skills
  • Encourage team-work skills
  • Ensure that essential human needs are met (food, shelter, clothing)
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9
Q

A person’s choice to engage in little, or irregular, physical activity is the definition of what?

A

Sedentary Lifestyle

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10
Q

What are some potential consequences of choosing to have a sedentary lifestyle?

A
  • Gaining weight
  • Heart disease
  • Hypertension
  • Diabetes
  • Insomnia
  • Low self-esteem/self-confidence
  • Feeling lethargic
  • Poor communication skills
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11
Q

What is the definition of obesity?

A

A term used to describe people with a high fat content - caused by an imbalance of calories consumed to energy expenditure. BMI of over 30 or 20% or more above ideal weight for height.

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12
Q

What are the general classifications for BMI?

A 
<20 = underweight 
20-25 = correct weight 
25-30 = overweight 
30+ = obese
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13
Q

Explain how obesity can affect somebody’s fitness.

A
  • Limit cardiovascular endurance
  • Limit flexibility
  • Limit agility
  • limit speed
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14
Q

Explain how obesity can cause ill PHYSICAL health.

A

It can contribute to:

  • The development of cancer
  • Heart disease/attacks
  • Increase in blood pressure
  • The development of diabetes
  • Cholesterol levels rising
  • Injury
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15
Q

Explain how obesity can cause ill MENTAL health.

A
  • Lead to depression

- A loss of confidence

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16
Q

Explain how obesity can cause ill SOCIAL health.

A
  • Lead to an inability to socialise
  • Make the individual feel uncomfortable to leave home
  • Make the individual conscious of how they look
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17
Q

Name the 3 different somatotypes.

A

Endomorph, Mesomorph and Ectomorph.

18
Q

Can you list the characteristics of an ectomorph?

A
  • Very thin and lean
  • Narrow shoulders and hips
  • Not a lot of fat or muscle
  • Long arms and legs
  • Thin face and high forehead
19
Q

Can you list the characteristics of an endomorph?

A
  • Pear shaped body
  • Narrow shoulders and wide hips
  • High content of fat
  • Fat around middle, thighs and upper arms
20
Q

Can you list the characteristics of an mesomorph?

A
  • A wedge shape
  • Wide shoulders and narrow hips
  • Large muscle content
  • Thin waist
21
Q

What sporting activities ectomorphs best suited to?

A
  • High jump
  • Long jump
  • Endurance activities e.g running
22
Q

What sporting activities endomorphs best suited to?

A
  • Sumo wrestling
  • Shot Putt
  • Front Row Rugby players
23
Q

What sporting activities mesomorphs best suited to?

A
  • 100m sprinter
  • Backs in Rugby
  • Weightlifter
24
Q

What unit is used to measure energy?

A

Kilocalories (kcal)

25
Q

How many calories does an average male and female require in a day?

A

Male - 2500kcal

Female - 2000kcal

26
Q

What are the 5 factors that may affect how many calories a person eats?

A
  1. Age
  2. Gender
  3. Height
  4. Energy expenditure
  5. Basal Metabolic Rate (BMR)
27
Q

What are the 7 factors of a balanced diet?

A
  1. Carbohydrates (Simple/Complex)
  2. Fats (Saturated/Unsaturated)
  3. Protein
  4. Vitamins
  5. Minerals
  6. Fibre
  7. Water
28
Q

What component of the balanced diet acts as the body’s preferred energy source?

A

Carbohydrates

29
Q

What is the purpose of fat in our diet?

A

It is a food source that provides energy at low intensities.

30
Q

Name three health risks that are linked to a high saturated fat intake?

A
  1. High cholesterol
  2. Heart disease
  3. Narrowing of arteries due to fat deposits
31
Q

What is the purpose of protein in our diet?

A

It is a food source that predominantly for growth and repair of body tissues.

32
Q

What is the general purpose of vitamins and minerals in the body?

A

They are needed for maintaining the efficient working of the body systems and general health.

33
Q

Which mineral assists the production of red blood cells which carry oxygen?

A

Iron

34
Q

Why is calcium necessary in the diet?

A

It is good for nerve and muscle function as well as teeth and bone growth.

35
Q

Which vitamin helps the absorption of calcium?

A

Vitamin D

36
Q

Which vitamin aids skin function and growth?

A

Vitamin A

37
Q

Why is vitamin C needed in our diet?

A

It aids our immune system, skin elasticity and blood vessel function.

38
Q

An excessive loss of body water interrupting the function of the body is known as what?

A

Dehydration

39
Q

What factors may affect the amount of water you should drink in a day?

A
  • The environment you are in - you would need more water in a desert.
  • The temperature you are in - the hotter it is the more water needed.
    The amount of exercise you are doing? - exercising means you need to replace water.
40
Q

What are the harmful effects of dehydration?

A
  • The blood thickens.
  • The heart rate increases.
  • The body temperature is likely to increase.
  • Reaction time gets slower.
  • An individual may suffer fatigue or muscle cramps.

GCSE PE (1 decks)

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