APWH - Unit 8 Vocab Flashcards
Cold War 8.1
a conflict that does not involve direct military confrontation; capitalism vs. communism
Non-Aligned Movement 8.2
a movement formed by many new Asian and African countries who did not want to get involved with the superpowers (Russia and US); wanted to maintain social order on their own
Kwame Nkrumah 8.2; 8.5
led Ghana to independence from Britain in 1957; represented Ghana in the Non-Aligned Movement
Proxy Wars (Korean War and Angolan Civil War) 8.3
occurred in Asia, Africa, Latin America, and the Caribbean; armies of smaller countries were proxies for the two superpowers; combined local issues; Korean War, Vietnam War, Angolan Civil War
Communist Revolution in China 8.4
led by Mao Zedong (won popular support); emphasized heavy industry; defeated nationalism
Great Leap Forward 8.4
Mao Zedong’s effort to reform China’s government into a Communist one; resulted in the starvation of ~20 million Chinese; more land reform
Communist Revolution for Vietnamese Independence 8.4
Vietnam declared independence from Japanese and French control in 1945; agricultural society; peasants were in support of Communist land redistribution; South Vietnam remained more unpopular due to slow implementation
Decolonization 8.5
smaller countries gaining independence from places such as Britain; withdrawing from a former powerful colony, making them independent
Indian National Congress 8.5
drive for Indian self-rule (19th century); led by Mohandas Gandhi in 1920s; unity between Hindu and Muslim groups against Britain
Muslim League 8.5
founded in 1906; advocated a separate nation for Indian Muslims; didn’t want to associate with Hindus entirely
Partition of India 8.6
India won independence from the British in 1946, then splitting into two new states (India and Pakistan) for the separate religious groups (Hindus and Muslims)
Creation of Israel 8.6
Zionist movement (1890s) wanted a separate Jewish state; Arabs in Palestine didn’t want to lose land so the UN divided Palestine into Muslim and Jewish groups; Israel became its own independent country
Metropole 8.6
a large city of a former colonial ruler
Mohandas Gandhi 8.7
leader of the Indian National Congress; nonviolent protests, boycotts, and fasts to oppose British colonial rule (Salt March, etc.); India became independent in 1947
Martin Luther King, Jr. 8.7
African American civil rights leader (1950s - 1960s); Baptist minister; used court decisions, boycott of public buses, massive marches, etc.