APUSHWORDSPERIOD2 Flashcards
Charter
a written grant by a country’s legislative or sovereign power, by which a body such as a company, college, or city is founded and its rights and privileges defined.
Corporate colony
a charter colony having a royal charter granted to the inhabitants as a corporate body.
Royal colony
a colony governed directly by the crown through a governor and council appointed by it
Joint-stock corporation
A joint-stock company is a business entity in which shares of the company’s stock can be bought and sold by shareholders.
Jamestown
Jamestown, Virginia, was the first English colony to survive into a lasting settlement in what later became the United States.
House of burgesses
the lower house of the colonial Virginia legislature.
Openchancanough
Opechancanough was a tribal chief within the Powhatan Confederacy of what is now Virginia in the United States, and its paramount chief from sometime after 1618 until his death in 1646. His name meant “He whose Soul is White” in the Algonquian Powhatan language.
Lord Baltimore
the governor of the colony, banning criticism of various forms of Christianity and allowing people to practice their Christian religion freely.
Freeholds
permanent and absolute tenure of land or property with freedom to dispose of it at will.
Headright system
The headright system referred to a grant of land, usually 50 acres, given to settlers in the 13 colonies.
Gentry
people of good social position, specifically (in the UK) the class of people next below the nobility in position and birth.
Indentured servitude
Indentured servitude refers to a labor contract where someone is required to work for a landowner or another individual, typically for a period of five to seven years, in exchange for an expensive passage out of Europe.
Pilgrims
a person who journeys to a sacred place for religious reasons.
Mayflower compact
An agreement reached by the Pilgrims on the ship the Mayflower in 1620, just before they landed at Plymouth Rock.
Puritans
a member of a group of English Protestants of the late 16th and 17th centuries who regarded the Reformation of the Church of England under Elizabeth as incomplete and sought to simplify and regulate forms of worship
John Winthrop
John Winthrop (12 January 1587/88 – 26 March 1649) was an English Puritan lawyer and one of the leading figures in founding the Massachusetts Bay Colony, the second major settlement in New England, following Plymouth Colony.
Roger Williams
English clergyman and colonist who was expelled from Massachusetts for criticizing Puritanism; he founded Providence in 1636 and obtained a royal charter for Rhode Island in 1663
Toleration
the practice of tolerating something, in particular differences of opinion or behavior.
Covenant of works
the covenant between God and humanity that was broken by Adam’s sin at the Fall. (Calvinist theology)
Covenant of grace
(in Calvinist theology) the covenant between God and humanity that was established by Jesus Christ at the Atonement.
Anne Hutchinson
American colonist (born in England) who was banished from Boston for her religious views
Town meeting
a meeting of the voters of a town for the transaction of public business.
Metacoms war
King Philip’s War, also known as Metacom’s War or the First Indian War, was an armed conflict between English colonists and the American Indians of New England in the 17th century. It was the Native-American’s last major effort to drive the English colonists out of New England.
Pueblo revolt
The Pueblo Revolt of 1680—also known as Popé’s Rebellion—was an uprising of most of the indigenous Pueblo people against the Spanish colonizers in the province of Santa Fe de Nuevo México, present day New Mexico. The Pueblo Revolt killed 400 Spanish and drove the remaining 2,000 settlers out of the province.
Bacons rebellion
Bacon’s Rebellion was an armed rebellion in 1676 by Virginia settlers led by Nathaniel Bacon against the rule of Governor William Berkeley
Yeoman
a servant in a royal or noble household, ranking between a sergeant and a groom or a squire and a page.
