APUSH Unit 2 Flashcards
Roanoke Island
Sir Walter Raleigh’s failed colonial settlement off the coast of North Carolina “Croatoane”
Spanish Armada
Spanish fleet defeated in 1588, marked the beginning of the decline of the Spanish empire
Premogeniture
Legal principle that the oldest son inherits all land. The younger sons pioneered early settlement of America
First Anglo-Powhatan War
Series of clashes, where English colonists torched and pillaged Indian villages
Second Anglo-Powhatan war
Last effort by the Indians to dislodge Virginia settlements, the resulting peace treaty formally separated white and Indian areas of settlement
John Rolfe
Came up with how to produce tobacco, and married Pocahontas
Act of toleration
Passed in Maryland in 1649, guaranteed toleration of all Christians but decreed death penalty for those who denied the divinity of Jesus. Ensured Maryland would continue to attract a high number of Catholic migrants
John smith
Took charge of Virginia and helped them survive
Calvinism
Dominant idea in New England based on predestination, that only the “elect” we’re destined for salvation
Antinomianism
Belief that the elect need not obey the law of either God or men; Anne Hutchinson
Fundamental Orders
1639 First modern constitution, drafted by settlers in Connecticut, established a democratically controlled government
Pequot war
From 1636-1638, series of clashes in the Connecticut river valley, which ended in the slaughter of the pequots by the puritans
King Philip’s War
In 1675, series of assaults by Metacom, which slowed the westward migration of New England settlers
Navigation laws
Series of laws passed to regulate colonial shopping, which provided that only English ships would be allowed to trade in English and colonial ports and that all destined for the colonies would first pass through England
Head right system
Encouraged the importation of indentured servants, allows an individual to acquire 50 acres of land if he paid for a laborer’s passage to the colony
Slave codes
Declared both the slave and their children property
Congregational church
Self governing Puritan congregations without the hierarchical establishment of the Anglican church
Half-way covenant
Allowed unconverted offspring of church members to baptize their children. Signified the waning of religious zeal among more generations of puritans
Leisler’s rebellion
In 1689, armed conflict between aspiring merchants and the ruling elite of NY. One of many uprisings that erupted across the colonies when wealthy colonists tried to recreate European social structures in America
Regulator movement
1768, violent uprising of backcountry settlers in NC against unfair taxation and the control of colonial affairs by the seaboard elite
Slave revolts
NY Slave revolt
South Carolina Slavs revolt
Stono river Slavs revolt
Triangular trade
Exchange of manufactured goods, slaves, and raw materials between the American colonies, Africa, and England
Molasses act
1733, tax on imported molasses passes by parliament in an effort to squelch the American trade with the French indies. Proved ineffective due to smuggling
Arminianism
Belief that salvation is offered to all humans but is conditional on acceptance of god’s grace
Mercantilist system
The idea that the colonies exist for the benefit of the mother country England
Protestant reformation
Movement to reform the Catholic Church began by Martin Luther, where people questioned the authority of the pope. Launched when King Henry VIIO broke with the Roman Catholic Church
