APUSH Unit 1 Terms Flashcards
Chinook
A warm dry wind that blows down the east side of the Rocky Mountains at the end of winter
Pueblo
A member of any of various American Indians peoples
Iroquois
A member of the former confederacy of North American Indian peoples originally comprising the Five Nations. Lived in Northeast (Northern Woodlands).
Algonquian
Denoting, belonging to, or relating to a family of North American Indian languages formerly spoken across an area from the Atlantic seaboard to the Great Lakes and Plains
Smallpox
An acute contagious viral disease, with fever and pustules usually leaving permanent scars. It was effectively eradicated through vaccination by 1979.
Mestizo
(Latin American) man of mixed race, especially the offspring of a Spaniard and an American.
Zambo
Racial term used in the Spanish and Portuguese Empires and occasionally today to identify individuals in the Americas who are of mixed African and Amerindian ancestry
Colombian Exchange
The widespread exchange of animals, plants, culture, human populations, communicable diseases, technology and ideas between the American and Afro-Eurasian hemispheres following the voyage to the Americans by Columbus in 1492
Encomienda system
In colonial Spanish America, a system by which the Spanish crown defined the status of the Indian population in it colonies. It consisted of a grant by the crown of a specified number of Indians living in a particular area.
Capitalism
An economic system in which investment in and ownership of the means of production, distribution, and exchange of wealth is made and maintained chiefly by private individuals or corporations, especially as contrasted to cooperatively or state owned means of wealth.
Sextant
An astronomical instrument used to determine latitude and longitude at sea by measuring angular distances, especially the altitudes of sun, moon, and stars.
Joint-stock companies
A company whose stock is owned jointly by the shareholders.
Juan de Sepulveda
Juan de Sepulveda was a Spanish humanist, philosopher, and theologian; wanted to make the Indians slaves.
Bartolome de Las Casas
Bartolome was a 16th-century Spanish historian, social reformer and Dominican friar. He became the first resident Bishop of Chiapas, and the first officially appointed “Protector of the Indians”.
Spanish mission system
Spanish missions were explicitly established for the purpose of religious conversion and instruction in the Catholic faith. It also served as the primary means of integrating Indians into the political and economic structure of Florida’s colonial system.
