apush unit 1

Question 1

civilization vs. empire

Answer 1

states unified under the same authority, changed territories, empires grew in power= exploitation of the americas

Question 2

aztec

Answer 2

large empire in present day mexico made of city states, conquered by spanish, capital: Tenochtitlan

Question 3

conquistadores

Answer 3

spanish and portuguese soldiers who conquered lands held by indigenous people in americas

Question 4

columbian exchange

Answer 4

transatlantic flow of goods and people that began with columbus’s voyages in 1492

Question 5

encomienda

Answer 5

setters guaranteed authority over conquered indian lands w/ the right to extract forced labor from native inhabitants

Question 6

black legend

Answer 6

image of spain as a uniquely brutal and exploitative colonizer, used as justification for english imperial expansion

Question 7

pueblo revolt

Answer 7

uprising in 1680 in which pueblo indians temporarily drove out spanish colonists from modern day mexico

Question 8

indentured servants

Answer 8

settlers who signed on for a temporary period of servitude to a master in exchange for passage to the new world

Question 9

Jamestown

Answer 9

colony in virginia, founded in 1607, virginia company settlers landed to establish an english company, first permanent english colony in americas

Question 10

John Smith

Answer 10

one of jamestowns founders and leaders

Question 11

house of burgesses

Answer 11

convened in 1619, first elected assembly in colonial america

Question 12

tobacco

Answer 12

became substitute to gold in virginia, aided colonies to gain wealth and power

Question 13

Pilrgams and puritans

Answer 13

pi before pu, pilgrims= puritan seperatists, came over on mayflower, emigrated to holland then north america in search of religious freedom

Question 14

mayflower compact

Answer 14

agreement pilgram leaders made to obey just and equal laws enacted by representatives of their choosing

Question 15

massachusets bay colony

Answer 15

developed my london merchants ho hoped to spread puritanism, largest english settlement in new england, very influential

Question 16

pequot war

Answer 16

european fur trader killed by pequots- powerful indian tribe, colonists/ soldiers conducted a masscre of the Indians

Question 17

mercantalism

Answer 17

government should regulate economic activity so as to promote national power, finite amount of wealth, keep in country

Question 18

navigation acts

Answer 18

aimed to gain control of world trade from the dutch, british cracking down on colonists and enforcing laws

Question 19

bacons rebellion

Answer 19

social tensions in virginia, colonial ppl towards governor berkeley –> they wanted removal of natives and reduced taxes

Question 20

english bill of rights

Answer 20

parlimentary powers; control over taxation and rights of individuals/ rights of englishmen

Question 21

salem witch trials

Answer 21

1691, prosecution of witches in salem, Massachusets, prmopted scientific explanations, young girls suffered fits and everyone involved killed to maintain innocence

Question 22

metacom and king philips war

Answer 22

1675, Indian alliance launched attacks on farms and settlements that encroached on Indian Lands

Question 23

atlantic slave trade

Answer 23

importation of african salves from native continent across atlantic to new world, fueled by demand of crops

Question 24

middle passage

Answer 24

voyage across atlantic, middle leg in triangular routes, terrible conditions

Question 25

stono rebellion

Answer 25

groups of escapee slaves tries to get to florida to be free, met by SC militia who brutally kills them and then puts their heads on stakes all along road to florida to deter other slaves from running away

Question 26

salutary neglect

Answer 26

informal british policy that allowed american colonies considerable freedom to persue economic and politica interests in exchange for colonial obedience

Question 27

salutary rigor

Answer 27

Brit passed poicies to gain more control over colonies

Question 28

enlightenment

Answer 28

sought to apply scientific method or careful investigation based on research and experiment to political and social life, challenged authority, individual> authority, subjects to citizens

Question 29

the great awakening

Answer 29

series of local events united by commitment to “religion of the heart” … more emotional/ personal chritianity than offered by existing churches

Question 30

johnathon edwards and geoge whitefield

Answer 30

emotional style of preaching, made accessibe to everyone, ppl could save themselves by repenting their sins

Question 31

7 years war, French/ Indian war

Answer 31

all 5 continents involved, sparked by land claims of ohio river valley, NA allied w french, effects NA left without protection, end of France 200 y/o claim over North America, british control over all of NA.

Question 32

pontiacs rebellion

Answer 32

163, revolt against British , led by pontiac, told NA to refuse euro. technology and drive them out of territory

Question 33

proclamation line of 1763

Answer 33

rule that prohibited colonists from going further west than the appalachian mountains