apush terms Flashcards
olmec
maya
aztec
First Major building society and Maize cultivation
advanced societies: mix agricultural and huntergatherer
why did traveling increase?
improvements in technology,
desire for god, glory, riches
joint stock companies
helped drive the economy, basically gave more people the ability to join in. Each shareholder contributes some money to the company and receives some share of the company’s profits and debts.
Encomienda system
in essence Spanish marshaled Native American labor to support plantation based agriculture and extract other resources
led to Pueblo Revolt
mayflower compact
The first agreement for self-government in America. It was signed by the 41 men on the Mayflower and set up a government for the Plymouth colony.
Pilgrims and Puritans contrasted
The Pilgrims were separatists who believed that the Church of England could not be reformed. Separatist groups were illegal in England, so the Pilgrims fled to America and settled in Plymouth.
The Puritans were non-separatists who wished to adopt reforms to purify the Church of England. They received a right to settle in the Massachusetts Bay area from the King of England.
Church of England (Anglican Church)
The national Church of England, founded by King Henry VIII. It included both Roman Catholic and Protestant ideas.
john winthrop
A Puritan with strong religious beliefs. He opposed total democracy, believing the colony was best governed by a small group of skillful leaders. He helped organize the New England Confederation in 1643 and served as its first president.
Separatists, non-separatists
Non-separatists (which included the Puritans) believed that the Church of England could be purified through reforms.
Separatists (which included the Pilgrims) believed that the Church of England could not be reformed, and so started their own congregations.
calvinism
set in motion by martin luther’s 95 theses, founded by John Calvin. Emphasized a strong moral code and believed in predestination
Anne Hutchinson
She preached the idea that God communicated directly to individuals instead of through the church elders and challenged tradtional role of women. She was forced to leave Massachusetts in 1637.
new england confederation
Formed to provide for the defense of the four New England colonies, and also acted as a court in disputes between colonies.
King Phillip’s War
began when local courts assumed jurisdiction over indians, battles in New Hampshire between the colonists and the Wompanowogs, led by a chief known as King Philip, colonists won with help of the Mohawks
Virginia: purpose, problems, failures, successes
Virginia was formed by the Virginia Company as a profit-earning venture.
Starvation was the major problem; about 90% of the colonists died the first year, many of the survivors left, and the company had trouble attracting new colonists. They offered private land ownership in the colony to attract settlers, but the Virginia Company eventually went bankrupt and the colony went to the crown.
Virginia did not become a successful colony until the colonists started raising and exporting tobacco.
headright system
Headrights were parcels of land consisting of about 50 acres which were given to colonists who brought indentured servants into America. They were used by the Virginia Company to attract more colonists.
