APUSH Period 7 Review

Question 1

New West

Answer 1

shift from reservation system –> americanization and assimilation attempts

Question 2

Imperialism

Answer 2

• imperialism due to desire for national power, commercial interest, sense of cultural superiority, christian missionary tendencies.
• isolationism –> interventionism

Question 3

par-Progressivism

Answer 3

shift from laissez faire –> gov’t intervention due to progressivism

Question 4

Context

Answer 4

• New West
• Imperialism
• Progressivism
  
  • industrial revolution
  • social gospel
  • darwinian thinking
    
    • pragmatism / reform darwinism

Question 5

Gold/Silver Mining

Answer 5

• Shift from individual mining to large scale commercial mining.
• Mineral discoveries such as the discovery of gold at the Comstock Lode led to a population influx in the West and the admission of 10 new states.
• New mining techniques such as hydraulic mining has negative implications for the environment, prompting downstream farmers to protest commercial mining.

Question 6

Treaty of Fort Laramie

Answer 6

Establishes the idea of reservation system. The federal government gave the tribes money in exchange for staying within the set boundaries.

Question 7

Native American Wars

Answer 7

• As the frontier pressed in from East and West, encroachments upon lands given to Native Americans under reservation treaties led to conflict. The Indian Appropriation Act ended recognition of tribes as independent and voided previous treaties.
• In the South, the Red River War ends with the Native Americans being forced to disband. This resulted in the destruction of tribal bonds.
• Sand Creek Massacre: At Sand Creek, an untrained militia attacks a peaceful Indian camp carrying a white flag of truce.
• In the North, the army’s purpose was to protect the natives from land encroachment. However, not only did they turn a blind eye to gold miners infringing on the land, but h,they also attacked Native Americans hunting on the reservation according to their treaty rights. At the Battle of Little Bighorn, the Sioux, led by Chief Sitting Bull destroyed Custer’s detachment. However, the Great Sioux War ended in typical fashion, with the natives being forced onto the worst lands.
• Native American resistance was revived by the Ghost Craze (Ghost Dance Movement), which spread the messianic idea that the future would bring a return to prosperity and a restoration of lands. At The Battle of Wounded Knee, the US government massacred natives due to their refusal to cease the ghost dance. This massacre represented the end to the Indian War in a characteristic bloodbath.

Question 8

Helen Hunt Jackson/Century of Dishonor

Answer 8

Chronicles the injustices and atrocities committed by the US toward Native Americans. This created sympathy for natives yet also generated support for assimilationist policies and new attempts to resolve the problem by Americanizing the native populace.