APUSH Deck 3 Flashcards
- Which of the following statements describes the 1848 Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo?
d. The treaty purchased more than one-third of Mexico’s territory for a mere $15
million.
- Americans who lined up behind the free-soil cause in the late 1840s
c. declared that slavery threatened American republicanism by undermining family
farms.
- Why did Democratic presidential candidate Lewis Cass proposed the idea of squatter sovereignty in
1848?
b. Cass hoped the plan would maintain the unity of the contentious Democratic Party.
- Who of the following people is correctly matched to his position on the extension of slavery during the debate over the admission of California into the Union in 1850?
c. Lewis Cass—supported popular sovereignty to address the slavery issue
- Which of the following policies was implemented as part of the Compromise of 1850?
b. Passage of a new Fugitive Slave Act
- During the 1840s and 1850s, Roman Catholic churches in the United States were known for
a. providing community services and a sense of group identity for most Irish and many German immigrants.
- Why did Harriet Beecher Stowe pen her novel Uncle Tom’s Cabin, which was published in 1852?
d. Stowe sought to depict slavery as degrading, especially to slave women.
- Which of the following statements describes the historical significance of Harriet Beecher Stowe’s 1852 novel Uncle Tom’s Cabin?
b. It sparked an unprecedented discussion about race and slavery in the United States and abroad.
- The northern states responded to the 1850 Fugitive Slave Act by sponsoring
d. personal-liberty laws.
- Which of the following developments occurred during the 1852 presidential campaign?
b. Democrats nominated Franklin Pierce as a compromise candidate because he was a congenial man with southern sympathies.
- During the 1850s, proslavery American expansionists attempted to acquire which of the following regions?
c. Cuba
- Which of the following statements describes the American Party, or Know-Nothings, that emerged in the North in the 1850s?
a. The American Party originated in anti-immigrant and anti-Catholic societies of
the 1840s.
- How did the Franklin Pierce administration approach the settlement and organization of the Kansas Territory in 1854 and 1855?
b. Pierce officially favored the legitimacy of the proslavery legislature in Lecompton.
- The 1857 Dred Scott decision had which of the following consequences?
b. The decision persuaded many Republicans that the Supreme Court and President Buchanan were part of the “slave power” conspiracy.
- The creation of the Republican Party, the Pottawatomie massacre, and the negation of the Missouri Compromise were all consequences of the
c. Kansas-Nebraska Act.
- In 1858, in response to Abraham Lincoln’s assertions about slavery in the territories, Stephen Douglas
d. asserted that settlers could exclude slavery from a territory by not adopting local legislation to protect it.
- Why did the Republican Party nominate Abraham Lincoln for the presidency in 1860?
b. He had already defeated Stephen A. Douglas in the senatorial election in 1858.
- Which statement describes why John Brown’s 1859 raid exacerbated the growing divide in the United States on the slavery issue?
a. To many slave owners, it showed the lengths to which abolitionists would go to
end slavery.
- Which of the following aided the new Republican Party to win the presidency in 1860?
c. The split in the Democratic Party into northern and southern factions
- The movement toward secession in the winter of 1860–1861 proceeded the most rapidly in the
c. Deep South.
- At which of the following points did the states of the Lower South secede and organize a provisional government of the Confederate States of America headed by Jefferson Davis?
d. Before Buchanan left the White House and Lincoln was inaugurated
- President Buchanan responded to the secession crisis by
d. declaring secession illegal but claiming that the federal government had no power to reverse it.
- Which of the following describes the Crittenden Compromise?
d. The plan was a failed attempt to prevent secession.
- Which of the following border states quickly joined the Confederacy in 1861?
c. Tennessee
- Why did president-elect Lincoln not support the Crittenden Compromise and possibly avoid civil war?
b. The president-elect would not compromise on the issue of slavery in the territories.
- What was the Confederacy seeking to achieve with the war in 1861?
a. Permanent independence and “to be let alone”
- Which of the following describes the outcome of the first Battle of Bull Run on July 21, 1861?
d. Union troops panicked during a Confederate counterattack and retreated to Washington.
- Why did Robert E. Lee invaded Maryland in August and September 1862?
b. He hoped that a victory over Union forces would humiliate Lincoln’s government.
- Why did President Lincoln decide to suspend habeas corpus during the Civil War?
c. He believed it would stop disloyal activities, such as protests against the draft.
- How did the Confederacy, with its agricultural economy, acquire the products and equipment it needed to supply its army?
c. Profits from cotton exports provided funds to purchase imported products.
- Which of the following statements describes the movement toward emancipation within the Republican Party in 1862?
c. Radical Republicans in Congress pushed moderates toward embracing their agenda of total abolition.
- The Emancipation Proclamation stated that
a. slaves in the rebel states would be freed.
- Which of the following describes the historical significance of the September 1862 Battle of Antietam?
b. The result of the battle allowed Lincoln to declare all slaves nationwide free.
- Which lists the early Civil War battles in correct chronological order, starting with the earliest?
d. First Manassas (Bull Run); Fort Donelson; Shiloh; Antietam
- The Enrollment Act of 1863
a. led to riots in New York City.
- Which of the following was the major cause of death for Civil War soldiers?
b. Disease and infection
- How did the Union raise money to pay for most of its Civil War costs?
b. By issuing interest-paying treasury bonds
- Which of the following constituted a critical problem for the Confederacy during the Civil War?
c. High levels of inflation
- Which of the following characterizes government economic and political decisions during the Civil War?
b. Both governments utilized their national power to make decisions.
- Which pair of battles marked the turning point in the Civil War?
b. Vicksburg and Gettysburg
- Which of the following scenarios unfolded at the Battle of Gettysburg in July 1863?
a. Pickett’s charge at the heart of the Union line was a costly blunder that forced a
Confederate retreat.
- Which of the following resulted from the Union victories at Vicksburg and Gettysburg in 1863?
c. Republicans swept the 1863 elections in Pennsylvania, Ohio, and New York
- Why was the ship Alabama instrumental to the Confederate war effort?
a. The warship captured or sank more than one hundred Union merchant ships.
- Why was the South unable to convince England to provide it with more support during the Civil war?
a. England needed Union wheat more than the South’s cotton.
- Which of the following statements characterizes the role played by African Americans in the Civil War?
b. African Americans served in segregated regiments and fought courageously.
- After being placed in charge of all Union armies in 1864, General Grant and Abraham Lincoln crafted which of the following new military strategies?
c. An attack of every major Confederate army simultaneously
- Who did Abraham Lincoln choose as his running mate in 1864?
b. Andrew Johnson
- How did Democrats hope to win the 1864 presidential election?
d. Through raising concerns about racial miscegenation
- Approximately how many people died in the Civil War?
b. 600,000
- Which of the following describes the South after the conclusion of the Civil War in 1865?
a. Many of the South’s factories, railroads, and cities lay in ruins.
