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AP U.S History > APUSH Ch. 26: The Cold War & Post WWII > Flashcards

APUSH Ch. 26: The Cold War & Post WWII Flashcards

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1
Q

The World Bank

A

Loans were given to third-world countries that were destroyed or affected during the war.

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2
Q

International Monetary Fund

A

Set the U.S currency as the standard.

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3
Q

The Military-Industrial Complex

A

Industries made military supplies & the government would make contracts with them (ex: Boeing & General Electric).

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4
Q

Name an industry that used the MIC

A

Boeing and/or General Electric

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5
Q

Farewell Address

A

Eisenhower warned of the dangers of the MIC

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6
Q

Sputnick

A

The Soviet Launch that led to the Space Race.

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7
Q

The National Defense Education Act

A

Americans felt defeated and passed this act that increased funding for education, specifically Science & Math.

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8
Q

Mechanization

A

Replaced factory workers & later, farmers.

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9
Q

G.I Bill

A

Provided education opportunities for returning soldiers. It led to the increase of workforce & higher pay

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10
Q

How many soldiers attended college after the G.I Bill was passed?

A

Over 7 million!

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11
Q

Veterans Administration (VA)

A

Provided home loans for veterans

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12
Q

Union membership _____ and income _____ for many workers

A

Increased; increased.

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13
Q

Could be compared to the 1920s. Mass consumption of ___ than ______.

A

Tv; automobiles

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14
Q

How many homes were purchased by the 1970s?

A

25 Million homes!

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15
Q

What did TV shows specifically move on?

A
  • > Whites
  • > Middle-Class Families: Housewife, 2-3 children
  • > Suburban Homes
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16
Q

Give an example of a TV show.

A

Father Knows Best and/or Leave it to the Beaver

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17
Q

“The Affluent Society”

A

Argued that the poor were not the focus of Politicians & Economists

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18
Q

“The Other America”

A

Micheal Harrington; focused on the poor in America

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19
Q

“Rebel Without a Cause”

A

Movies glorified young, rebellious men

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20
Q

Alan Freed

A

Played “race” records over Cleveland Highways

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21
Q

“On the Road”

A

Jack Kerouac; a cultural dissenter

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22
Q

Name Cultural Dissenters

A
  • > Beats & Beatnicks

- > Writers that critized middle-class values & culture (like the “Lost Generation” of the 1920s).

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23
Q

Billy Graham

A

Famous influential Evangelical preacher of the 1950s; argued that materialism was compatible with a moral life.

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24
Q

“Cult of Domesticity”

A

Women were expected to raise children & stay home

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25
Q

Alfred Kinsey

A

researched sexual practices of Americans; more common than known.

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26
Q

Comic Books were thought to be ______.

A

Immoral and lead to crimes

27
Q

The Baby Boom & its effect?

A

drop in divorces; led to tighter job markets

28
Q

How did improving health & education benefit American families?

A

-> Led to a drop in mortality rates in children

29
Q

Dr. Joan Salk

A

Created the Polio Vaccine & gave it away for free

30
Q

Benjamin Spock

A

Common Sense Book of Baby & Child Care

31
Q

How much of the American population lived in Suburban areas?

A

1/3; aided by cars & highways

32
Q

William Levit

A
  • > mass production of houses
  • > Cheap houses, similar styles
  • > excluded African Americans
33
Q

Federal Housing Administration (FHA)

A

provided mortgages

34
Q

National Interstate & Defense Highway Act

A

-> over 42,000 miles of Highways

35
Q

Ray Kroc

A
  • > With highways came fast food

- > Purchased McDonald’s

36
Q

The Sunbelt

A
  • > Located in the south
  • > Industries blossomed (warm weather & low taxes)
  • > Increase in population after WWII
37
Q

“White-Flight”

A

-> AA moved north to urban areas/north while Whites moved south

38
Q

Kerner Commission

A

-> The Americans are becoming more split and is moving towards two societies (black & white).

39
Q

African Americans

A

-> Lived in run-down urban areas with low-paying jobs

40
Q

Urban-Renewal

A

Pushed to destroy old buildings

41
Q

Other Races (Chinese, Puerto Ricans, and Mexican Americans)

A
  • > The Chinese-Exclusion Act was repealed
  • > Many Mexican Americans remained after the Bracero Program ended
  • > Puerto Ricans moved to the U.S in large numbers; A higher population in NYC than Suan Juan
42
Q

What was the United Nations (UN)?

A
  • > represented all of the representations of member countries
  • > made up of the security council (5 major allies that could veto) & general assembly (other representatives)
43
Q

Manhattan Project

A

America’s secret project to create a nuclear bomb; once this was found out by the Soviet Union, they started to make their own bomb.

44
Q

What is the German Democratic Republic?

A
  • > Germany was split up after the war; however, it was divided between the Democratic Nations & the Soviet Union
  • > The GDR was the Democratic side of Germany. However, the Soviet Union pressured the country into communism; thus, GDR became a part of the Soviet Union regime which sparked debate
45
Q

The Truman Doctrine

A
  • > The Truman Doctrine asked congress to give 400 million for economic and military aid to assist the “free people” in Turkey & Greece after Britian could no longer afford to protect them.
  • > This was the informal DECLARATION OF WAR
46
Q

Dardanelles

A

the Soviets demanded control in Turkey of the water route called Dardanelles

47
Q

Why was the Truman Doctrine passed?

A
  • > The Soviet Union wanted to prevent Germany from regaining power, so they strengthened the Communist power when the country was shared between Great Britain, the U.S, and the Soviet Union
  • > The U.S saw this as a threat and passed this act which implemented the containment policy (why? because of two events: (1) a communist uprising in Greece, (2) the Soviets demanded control in Turkey of the water route called Dardanelles).
48
Q

What was the Berlin Airlift?

A

-> Year-long mission of flying food and supplies to blockaded West Berliners, whom the Soviet Union cut off from access to the West in the first major crisis of the Cold War. (928)

49
Q

What did NATO do? Why?

A
  • > The U.S extended its atomic shield over Europe to prevent any attacks and committed to the defense of Europe
  • > Military alliance of Western European powers and the United States and Canada established in 1949 to defend against the common threat from the Soviet Union, marking a giant stride forward for European unity and American internationalism. (932)
  • > Treaty in Washington, 1949
50
Q

China during the Cold War

A

-> Split between nationalists & communists

51
Q

Chiang Kai-Shek

A

Ineffective and corrupt leader of China in 1930s and 1940s; he was a wartime ally of the United States, but was unable to stop Communists from seizing power in 1949. His exile to Taiwan was a major American setback in the early days of the Cold War.

52
Q

Mao Zedong

A

This man became the leader of the Chinese Communist Party and remained its leader until his death. He declared the founding of the People’s Republic of China in 1949 and supported the Chinese peasantry throughout his life.

53
Q

Sino-Soviet Treaty of Mutual Assistance

A

-> Communism between the Soviets and Mao Zedong

54
Q

The U.S & Latin America

A
  • > the U.S would support any nation as long as the nation was NON-COMMUNIST
  • > 1954 - the U.S overthrows the elected leader in Guatemala who was democratically elected. Why? because he nationalized/took the United Fruit Company land that belonged to the U.S
  • > The U.S replaced him with a military dictator, Armas
55
Q

Goerge Kennan

A

-> Father of containment (keep Communism from spreading)

56
Q

“Iron Curtain”

A
  • > Fictional line that divided communist Europe from non-communist Europe
  • > By Winston Churchill
57
Q

Marshall Plan

A

-> provided billions of money to Europe to rebuild war-torn nations

58
Q

International Monetary Fund (IMF)

A

-> provides loans to countries in need & promotes trade

59
Q

Domino Theory

A

-> If one country fell to Communism, the surrounding nations would also fall

60
Q

Cuban Missile Crisis

A
  • > the U.S discovered that there were nuclear weapons in Cuba, just 90 miled off of Florida
  • > This was the closest that the U.S & U.S.S.R came to war until the Soviet Union withdrew; Krushev agreed to withdraw as long as the U.S agreed to withdraw U.S missles from Turkey & didn’t invade Cuba.
61
Q

Detene

A
  • > easing of tensions between the two superpowers

- > Strategic Arms Limitations Talk (SALT)

62
Q

Strategic Arms Limitations Talk (SALT)

A

-> Treaty to limit arms/weapons

63
Q

Communism in Cuba

A

-> Fidel Castro overthrew the Cuban government, asked the Soviets for support, and became Communist, causing the U.S to cut of trade with Cuba

64
Q

The Bay of Pigs

A

-> A group of Cuban exiles organized and supported by the U.S. Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) landed at the Bay of Pigs in Cuba in an effort to overthrow Fidel Castro. The invasion ended in disaster, since the Cubans were swift & ended up killing many. The CIA and the exiles failed to set off the uprising as planned, happened under President Kennedy.

AP U.S History (3 decks)

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