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Question 1

C.Vanderbilt

Answer 1

A business tycoon who amassed a fortune in the steamboat business and invested this fortune in the consolidation of many smaller rail lines under one company, the New York Central Railroad

Question 2

Railroads

Answer 2

most important innovation of 19th century, effective transportation network, more direct routes, greater speed, larger volumes of traffic.

Question 3

J. Gould

Answer 3

an American financier that was partnered with James Fisk in tampering with the railroad stocks for personal profit.

Question 4

Pullman

Answer 4

a nationwide railway strike that occurred from May through July, 1894, causing to the disruption of rail traffic throughout the nation, riots and property damage in and around the city of Chicago, the arrest of strike leaders, and 30 deaths.

Question 5

T. Edison

Answer 5

American inventor and businessman. He developed many devices that greatly influenced life around the world, including the phonograph, the motion picture camera, and a long-lasting, practical electric light bulb. Andrew Carnegie.

Question 6

A. Bell

Answer 6

A Scottish-born scientist. He is best known for patenting the telephone in 1876. He also founded the Bell Telephone Company in 1879 and the American Telephone and Telegraph Company (AT&T) in 1885

Question 7

Carnegie

Answer 7

A Scottish-American industrialist who led the expansion of teh American steel industry. His article “The Gospel of Wealth” called for the rich to use their wealth to improve society and it started a wave of philanthropy.

Question 8

Rockefeller

Answer 8

An American industrialist and philanthropist. Historical Significance: He was the founder of the Standard Oil Company, which dominated the oil industry and was the first great U.S. business trust.

Question 9

Corporations

Answer 9

Business owned by many people.

Question 10

Standard Oil Trust

Answer 10

A mechanism by which one company grants control over its operations, through ownership of its stock, to another company.

Question 11

JP Morgan

Answer 11

An American financier, banker, philanthropist, and art collector. He funded the Edison General Electric and Thomson-Houston Electric Company and merged them to create General Electric.

Question 12

Edward Bellamy

Answer 12

, Looking Backward. Envisioned a utopian socialist society where the government owned the means of production and distributed wealth equally among all citizens.

Question 13

Granger Movement

Answer 13

A group of agrarian organizations that worked to increase the political and economic power of farmers. They opposed corrupt business practices and monopolies, and supported relief for debtors.

Question 14

Munn v. Illinois

Answer 14

The Supreme Court upheld the Granger laws.

Question 15

Interstate Commerce Act

Answer 15

a United States federal law that was designed to regulate the railroad industry, particularly its monopolistic practices. The Act required that railroad rates be “reasonable and just,” but did not empower the government to fix specific rates.

Question 16

Sherman Antitrust Act

Answer 16

A federal law that committed the American government to opposing monopolies, it prohibits contracts, combinations and conspiracies in restraint of trade.

Question 17

Jacob Coxey

Answer 17

. A wealthy Ohio Populist who led a 500-strong “army” to Washington, D.C. in 1894 to demand a public works program to create jobs for the unemployed in the midst of a devastating four-year depression. Helped establish paper moneylead protest of unemployment from Panic of 1893.

Question 18

Muckrakers

Answer 18

nickname given to young reporters of popular magazines. These magazines spent a lot of money on researching and digging up “muck,” hence the name muckrakers. This name was given to them by Pres.

Question 19

Ida Tarbell

Answer 19

A leading muckraker and magazine editor, she exposed the corruption of the oil industry with her 1904 work A History of Standard Oil.

Question 20

Lincoln Steffens

Answer 20

U.S. journalist and reformer. He worked for New York City newspapers (1892 - 1901) and was managing editor of McClure’s Magazine (1901 - 06), where he began his famous muckraking articles — later published as The Shame of the Cities (1904) — exposing corruption in politics and big business.

Question 21

Populists

Answer 21

a social and political movement of the people and began under the economic hardship that was being felt by American farmers during and after the Civil War

Question 22

James Weaver

Answer 22

American politician who leaned toward agrarian radicalism; he twice ran unsuccessfully for the U.S. presidency, as the Greenback-Labor candidate (1880) and as the Populist candidate (1892). Omaha Platform. political agenda adopted by the populist party in 1892 at their Omaha, Nebraska convention.

Question 23

William Jennings Bryan

Answer 23

A politician who was a dominant force in the liberal wing of the Democratic Party. Did not support the Gold Standard, railroads, or banks. Supporter of populist Dem. Promoted Free Silver, anti-imperialism, and trust-busting.

Question 24

Suffrage Movement

Answer 24

women came together to declare their intention to gain their constitutional right to vote. From there, the movement slowly gained momentum until the 1900’s, when it became a more recognized and popular national struggle.

Question 25

W.E.B. Dubois

Answer 25

black intellectual who challenged Booker T. Washington’s ideas on combating Jim Crow; he called for the black community to demand immediate equality and was a founding member of the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP).

Question 26

Booker Washington

Answer 26

A former slave. Encouraged blacks to keep to themselves and focus on the daily tasks of survival, rather than leading a grand uprising. Believed that building a strong economic base was more critical at that time than planning an uprising or fighting for equal rights.

Question 27

1896 Election

Answer 27

Republican William McKinley defeats William Jennings Bryan (Democrat, and Populist). It is an incredible mass media campaign, as Republican Mark Hanna financed millions into McKinley’s campaign.

Question 28

1912

Answer 28

the Democrats nominated Woodrow Wilson, giving him a strong progressive platform called the “New Freedom” program. The Republicans were split between Taft and Roosevelt’s Bull Moose Party with its “New Nationalism” program.

Question 29

T. Roosevelt

Answer 29

26th president, known for: conservationism, trust-busting, Hepburn Act, safe food regulations, “Square Deal,” Panama Canal, Great White Fleet, Nobel Peace Prize for negotiation of peace in Russo-Japanese War.

Question 30

William Taft

Answer 30

27th president of the U.S.; he angered progressives by moving cautiously toward reforms and by supporting the Payne-Aldrich Tariff; he lost Roosevelt’s support and was defeated for a second term

Question 31

W. Wilson

Answer 31

The Democratic representative in the presidential elections of 1912 and 1916. He was elected into the presidency as a minority president. He was born in Virginia and was raised in a very religious family. He was widely known for his political sermons.

Question 32

US v. E.C. Knight

Answer 32

The Supreme Court ruled that since the Knight Company’s monopoly over the production of sugar had no direct effect on commerce, the company couldn’t be controlled by the government.

Question 33

Knights of Labor

Answer 33

e founded in 1869 as a secret society of garnet workers in Philadelphia, but emerged as a national movement by 1878. They believed that fraternity was harnessed to labor reform, and intended to set up factories and shops that would lead to a cooperative commonwealth.

Question 34

AFL

Answer 34

The American Federation of Labor was a union of skilled laborers formed by Samuel Gompers in 1866. The AFL quickly became one of the most powerful unions in the United States.

Question 35

Haymarket Crisis

Answer 35

a demonstration in Chicago’s Haymarket Square to protest the slayings of two workers during a strike turned into a violent riot after a bomb explosion killed seven policemen.

Question 36

Homestead Act

Answer 36

Act of 1862 that permitted any citizen or prospective citizen to claim 160 acres of public land and to purchase it for a small fee after living on it for five years.`

Question 37

Pullman Strike

Answer 37

a nationwide railway strike that occurred from May through July, 1894

Question 38

New Nativism

Answer 38

emerged in the 20th century in response to the increase in immigration from various countries. Like nativism in previous years, it centered on the idea that immigrants posed a threat to native-born Americans.

Question 39

Social Gospel Movement

Answer 39

a largely Protestant response to problems created by the rapid urbanization and industrialization in the United States late in the nineteenth century.

Question 40

Washington Gladden

Answer 40

Congregationalist minister who followed the social gospel and supported social reform.

Question 41

J. Pulitzer

Answer 41

Congregationalist minister who followed the social gospel and supported social reform.

Question 42

Indian Wars

Answer 42

multiple conflicts between American settlers or the United States government and the native peoples of North America from the time of earliest colonial settlement until 1890.

Question 43

Dawes Act

Answer 43

authorized the federal government to break up tribal lands by partitioning them into individual plots. Only those Native Americans who accepted the individual allotments were allowed to become US citizens.

Question 44

Bloody Shirt

Answer 44

A term of ridicule used in the 1880s and 1890s to refer to politicians- especially Republicans- who, according to critics, whipped up old animosities from the Civil War era that ought to be set aside.

Question 45

Civil Service Reform

Answer 45

Congress took action in the late 19th century to protect ethical politicians and create standards for political service; including, a civil service test for those seeking a job in government. Subtreasury Plan.