Aps Exam Review Gr.11

Question 1

Culture

Answer 1

A total system of ideas, values, behaviors, and attitudes of a society commonly shared by most members of a society

Significance - Provides important social and economic benefits

Question 2

Taboo

Answer 2

A restriction on behaviour to help and ensure a good outcome

Significance - Controls the way people interact with the world around them by prohibiting the use of items considered sacred.

Question 3

Ethnocentric

Answer 3

Believing that ones culture is superior to all others

Significance - often leads to incorrect assumptions about others’ behavior based on your own norms, values, and beliefs

Question 4

Ritual

Answer 4

Prescribed behaviour in which there is no
real connection between the action and desired outcome

Question 5

Globalization

Answer 5

The process by which economies, societies, and cultures become united through a world wide network

Significance - Changes the way people, nations, and businesses interact

Question 6

Kinship

Answer 6

The relationship between 2 or more people that is based on common ancestry, marriage, or adoption

Significance - Determines both rights and obligations to other people

Question 7

Subculture

Answer 7

A small group with a larger group who share a common system of values, beliefs, attitudes, behaviour and lifestyle distinct from those of the larger group

Question 8

Rite of Passage

Answer 8

A ceremony, ritual, or event that marks an individuals passage from one stage in life to another

Significance - reinforce the dominate religious views and values of a culture

Question 9

Clan

Answer 9

A group of several roots in a paternal or maternal society in which people are related but cannot always trace exact relationships

Significance - Helps unify groups by cross cutting other forms of social organization

Question 10

Heredity

Answer 10

Physical characteristics and and aspects of personality and behaviour that are passed down genetically from your relatives

Significance - determines which traits are passed from the parent to the offspring.

Question 11

Personality

Answer 11

An individuals characteristic pattern of thinking, feeling and acting.

Significance - helps you gain recognition and acceptance from the society as well as people around

Question 12

Identity crisis

Answer 12

A time in a teenagers life filled with extreme self -conscious as he or she attempts to test and combine various roles

Significance - Questioning your sense of self can help you gain a better sense of you who are and who you will be.

Question 13

Ego

Answer 13

Freuds term for the rational part of the mind, which operates on the reality principle

Significance - It helps you to identify your ‘uniqueness’, to stand up for yourself and to put plans into action

Question 14

Phobia

Answer 14

Anxiety about a specific object, activity, or situation

Significance - Fear serves a protective purpose, activating the automatic “fight-or-flight” response

Question 15

Cognition

Answer 15

The mental process in the brain associated with thinking, knowing, and remembering

Significance - help us understand information about the world around us and interact safely with our environment

Question 16

Norm

Answer 16

Expectations about how people should behave

Significance - supports a group’s collaborative work

Question 17

Positivism

Answer 17

The application of the scientific method to obtain quantifiable data in order to understand society

Question 18

Altruisim

Answer 18

The principle of unselfish regard for the needs and interests of others

Significance - act of kindness can improve feelings of confidence. It may also encourage others to repeat the good deed that they’ve experienced themselves

Question 19

Discrimination

Answer 19

The act of treating groups or individuals unfairly based on their race, gender or other characteristics, can be overt or systematic

Significance - Discrimination is harmful and it promotes inequality

Question 20

Conformity

Answer 20

The process by which one changes one´s thoughts, feeling, and behaviour to meet the expectations of a group of authority figure

Question 21

Values

Answer 21

Shared ideas and standards that are considered acceptable and binding

Significance - helps others grow and develop

Question 22

Agents of Socialization

Answer 22

People and institutions that shapes an individuals social development

Significance - Teaches other what society expects of them

Question 23

Racism

Answer 23

When a person is treated worse, excluded, disadvantaged, harassed, bullied, humiliated or degraded because of their race or ethnicity.

Significance - Not everyone gets to experience opportunities that will improve their future and themselves