Apr 26 - Memory Flashcards
learning
acquisition of new information
memory
retention of learned information
declarative memory
(explicit)
facts and events
nondeclarative memory
(implicit)
procedural memory - motor skills, habits
> non-associative learning
> associative learning
non-associative learning
altered response to stimulus
habituation
diminished response following repeated exposure to a stimulus
sensitization
exaggerated response following exposure to repeated stimulus
associative learning
behavior altered by…
behavior altered by formation of associations between events
classical conditioning
(associative learning)
PAVLOV:
pairing of unconditional stimulus with conditional stimulus (teaching a dog lunch time is when bell rings)
instrumental conditioning
(associative learning)
associate a response with a meaningful stimulus
(rat and feeding lever)
working memory
(declarative memory)
temporary storage, lasts seconds
small capacity - limited storage
short-term memories
(declarative memory)
(vulnerable to disruption)
- facts and events stored in short-term
- subset are converted to long-term
long-term memories
(declarative memory)
recalled months or years later
memory consolidation
(declarative memory)
process of converting short > long-term memory
regions of the brain assoc. w/working memory
frontal lobe > prefrontal cortex
- self-awareness, capacity for planning and prob solving
- frontal lobe has sustained activity during delay period
> prefrontal cortex lesion = deficit in working memory
amnesia
serious loss of memory and/or ability to learn
causes of amnesia
concussion
chronic alcoholism
encephalitis
brain tumor
stroke
2 types of amnesia
retrograde amnesia: memory loss for things prior to brain trauma
anterograde amnesia: inability to form new memories after brain trauma
Hebbian Cell Assembly
activation of cell assembly by a stimulus
- simultaneously active neurons > cell assembly
- consolidation by growth process; neurons that
fire together, grow together
- engram widely distributed
-after learning, partial activation > complete activation; RECALL
components of medial temporal lobe
- hippocampus
- rhinal cortex
- parahippocampal cortex
what does the medial temporal lobe do?
(receives info from where?)
MTL receives info from cortical association areas (CAAs) > integrate various coritcal regions to generate complex information to send > MTL
activation of MTL = triggers memories
think components
MTL information path
info > rhinal cortex and parahippocampal cortex > hippocampus
