approaches : origins Flashcards
1
Q
1879 - Wilhelm Wundt
A
opened the first psychology lab in Germany
2
Q
Introspection - Wilhelm Wundt
A
- Where a person gains knowledge about their own mental and emotional states.
- He did this by recording his colleagues and his own conscious thoughts.
3
Q
Strengths of introspection
A
- Some of the methods were systematic and well-controlled
- He used standardised procedures
4
Q
Weaknesses of introspection
A
- Participants self-reported their mental processes which meant it was subjective
- Participants may have hidden thoughts
difficult to establish laws of behaviour
5
Q
1900s
A
- Freud emphasises the influence of the unconscious mind on behaviour and develops person-centred therapy
- This showed that physical problems can be explained by the brain
6
Q
1913 - John Watson and Skinner
A
- Criticised Introspection saying it was objective enough
- They used scientific methods to show that behaviours are learnt
7
Q
Strengths of a scientific approach
A
- Modern psychology is scientific which means it has become a scientific discipline
8
Q
Weaknesses of a scientific approach
A
- Not all methods use objective methods
- Humanistic approach refers to subjective experience
- psychodynamic approach refers to case studies and cannot be generalised
9
Q
1950s - Carl Rogers and Abraham Moslow
A
- Develop a humanistic approach that emphasises the importance of of self-determination and freewill
10
Q
1950s
A
the cognitive approach introduces studying the process in a more scientific way
11
Q
1960s - Alberta Bandura
A
proposes the social learning theory
12
Q
1980s onwards
A
the biological approach begins
13
Q
eve of 21st century
A
Due to technological advancements cognitive neuroscience emerges, which refers to studying how biological structures influence mental states
