Approaches in psychology

Question 1

What is the idea of an ‘approach’?

Answer 1

psychologists tend to have a general view of what causes behaviour

Question 2

In what terms does the biological approach explain behaviour (say where and an example)? (Biological approach p10)

Answer 2

Physical causes in our brain and body , this includes genes

Question 3

What is the most likely biological source of causes of behaviour (one point)? (Biological approach p10)

Answer 3

The brain

Question 4

What chemical does the brain produce? (Biological approach p10)

Answer 4

neurotransmitters eg serotonin

Question 5

(Biological approach p10) What other system other than our brain is also significant?

Answer 5

the endocrine system

Question 6

(Biological approach p10) Why is the endocrine system significant?

Answer 6

it produces hormones eg adrenaline

Question 7

How can brain scans be used in this approach? (Approaches in psychology)

Answer 7

They show us the structure and functions of the brain
Researchers then try to relate these to normal as well as abnormal behaviours

Question 8

(Biological approach p10) Research on what can also be helpful in this approach?

Answer 8

research on animals

Question 9

(Biological approach p10) Why can research on animals also be helpful in this approach?

Answer 9

we can’t deliberately make changes to the human brain to observe the effect on behaviour

Question 10

(Biological approach p10) The appraoch to understanding behaviour is largely what and what can be changed by it?

Answer 10

nature
through many aspects of the barin and and body and even genes can be changed by nature

Question 11

(Bahaviourist approach p10) What is the concept of this approach?

Answer 11

the influence of experience on our behaviour and how we learn behaviours
basically we are born as ‘blank slates’ and what we become is shaped by experience or the ‘environment’

Question 12

(Bahaviourist approach p10) What are the two ways we learn through?

Answer 12

association (classical conditioning)
reinforcement (operant conditioning)

Question 13

(Bahaviourist approach p10) What are two examples of operant conditioning?

Answer 13

treats with animals - reward reinforces a behaviour
cats coming running as soon as they hear the cupbored opeining - learned to associate that noise with food

Question 14

(Bahaviourist approach p10) Where do the characteristics we are born with stand againts roles of our experience and the environment?

Answer 14

secind place

Question 15

(Bahaviourist approach p10) What is this approach closely associated with?

Answer 15

scientific psychology

Question 16

(Bahaviourist approach p10) What kind of research do behaviourists support? And why?

Answer 16

laboratory research
it involves presise and objective measurement of behaviour in controlled conditions

Question 17

(Cognitative approach p11) What does this approach focus on?

Answer 17

our feelings
beliefs
attitudes expectations
and effects they have on our behaviour

Question 18

(Cognitative approach p11) This approach uses what metaphor to expalin how our minds work?

Answer 18

computer metaphor
like computers we process our information

Question 19

(Cognitative approach p11) This approach has been used to explain many things including what?

Answer 19

mental disorders such as depression

Question 20

(Cognitative approach p11) According to this apporach depression occurs why?

Answer 20

because people think negatively
they put the worst possible interpretation on events and play down the good things that happen to them
they think it will never get better which leads to dispair

Question 21

(Cognitative approach p11) Cognitive psychologists use what type of research?

Answer 21

labatory research

Question 22

(Cognitative approach p11) What are cognitive psychologists mostly interested in?

Answer 22

the process inside the mind

Question 23

(Psychosynamic approach p11) How did this apporach originate?

Answer 23

with Sigmund Freud

Question 24

(Psychosynamic approach p11) What did Sigmund Freud believe with this apporach?

Answer 24

that the causes of behaviour lie within the unconcious mind
(the part of the mind that is normally ineccesable but is extremly active)

Question 25

(Psychosynamic approach p11) What is believed yo be going on constantly in the brain in this approach?

Answer 25

conflicts between the concious and unconcious mind

Question 26

(Psychosynamic approach p11) When can we get a glimpse of the conflics in our concious and unconcious brain?

Answer 26

when we dream which is why Freud advocated the use of dream interpretation to help us understand whats in the unconcious and why it effects us

Question 27

(Psychosynamic approach p11) This apporach also emphisises the importance of what?

Answer 27

childhood experiences