Approaches Flashcards
Reductionism
Reductionism breaks complex things down into smaller, simpler parts to understand them better.
Basically - taking something big and complicated and studying it’s smaller pieces to understand how the whole thing functions (like jigsaw piece)
Determinism
Idea that everything that happens has a cause or is determined by something else.
Basically - everything we do is like a chain reaction, what happens next is determined by what happened before (like dominos)
Humanistic Approach
An approach which emphasises looking at the whole individual and highlights concepts such as free will, self-actualisation and congruence
4 Basic Assumptions of Humanistic Approach
- People have free will
- People are essentially good and have an innate need to make themselves and make the world a better place
- People are motivated to self-actualise
- The subjective, conscious experience of the individual is the most important
Free Will
The idea the humans can make choices and their behaviour isn’t determined by the biological or external factors
Hierarchy of Needs
A 5 levelled hierarchical sequence in which Abraham Maslow believed basic human needs must be satisfied before higher psychological needs can be satisfied or met
Congruence
Carl Rogers’ idea that when there is a balance between a person’s ideal self and how they perceive themselves (self concept). The aim of therapy is to achieve a state of congruence
Self Actualisation
The desire to grow psychologically and fulfil one’s potential, becoming the very best you’re capable of
Conditions of worth
Conditions which an individual may perceive significant others in their life (usually parents/primary caregivers) place upon them
2 conditions of worth
- conditional positive regard
- unconditional positive regard
What does Unconditional Positive Regard do
Gives better chance of self actualisation later in life
Client centred therapy
Promotes unconditional positive regard and aims to restore congruence between self concept and ideal self
How did
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