Approach Knowledge

Question 1

Name the 5 types of precision approaches:

Answer 1

• GLS (GNSS [Global Navigation Satellite System] Landing System)
• ILS (Instrument Landing System)
• MLS (Microwave Landing System)
• TLS (Transponder Landing System)
• PAR (Precision Approach Radar)

Question 2

Name the 7 types of nonprecision approaches:

Answer 2

• LOC (LOCalizer landing system)
• LDA (Localizer-type Directional Aid, identical to a LOC but not aligned with the runway)
• NDB (Non-Directional Beacon)
• SDF (Simplified Directional Facility, 6-12 degrees in width, may or may not be aligned with the runway)
• VOR (VHF [Very High Frequency] Omnidirectional Range)
• RNAV/GNSS (aRea NAVigation/Global Navigation Satellite System, GNSS is the international version of GPS)
• ASR (Approach Surveillance Radar)
• APV (nonprecision APproach with Vertical guidance)
• LNAV/VNAV (Lateral NAVigation/Vertical NAVigation, guidance does not change within 2 miles of the runway unlike ILS/LOC/LPV approaches)
• LPV (Localizer Performance with Vertical guidance)
• LDA with glide slope (Localizer-type Directional Aid, identical to a LOC but not aligned with the runway)