Appraise

Question 1

Tools that can help interpret clinical and statistical significance of data (3)

Answer 1

• EBM calculator
• Diagnostic test calculator
• Clinical Calculator

Question 2

CAARP test is used to:

Answer 2

help you make an objective evaluation and eliminate the bad information

Question 3

CAARP sands for:

Answer 3

• Currency
• Accuracy
• Authority
• Relevance
• Purpose

Question 4

the timeliness of the information

Answer 4

currency

Question 5

the source of the information

Answer 5

authority

Question 6

the reliability, truthfulness, and correctness of the information content

Answer 6

Accuracy

Question 7

the importance of the information

Answer 7

Relevance

Question 8

reason the information exists

Answer 8

purpose

Question 9

first step in appraising a research study is to determine:

Answer 9

if it is actually a research study

Question 10

Abstract provides: (4)

Answer 10

background
methods
results
conclusion

Question 11

things to look for in a non-study: (4)

Answer 11

• information is from a website and is not identified as research
• the article is identified as a CE or continuing education article
• the information sounds like a commercial promoting a specific product
• article is written in lay language as a patient education piece

Question 12

someone has read and analyzed multiple studies and has written a review

Answer 12

Filtered evidence/ review

Question 13

Hierarchy of evidence

highest to lowest

Answer 13

• Reviews
• Experimental
• Descriptive

Question 14

reviews include: (2)

Answer 14

• systematic review

- focused reviews

Question 15

reviews are also known as:

Answer 15

filtered studies

Question 16

unfiltered studies include:

Answer 16

experimental and descriptive studies

Question 17

Experimental studies include (2)

Answer 17

randomized controlled trials

quasi-experimental studies

Question 18

descriptive studies can either be:

Answer 18

quantitative or qualitative

Question 19

a summary of medical literature that uses explicit methods to perform a comprehensive literature search and critical appraisal of individual studies and that use appropriate statistical techniques to combine these valid studies

Answer 19

systematic review

Question 20

a systematic review that uses quantitative methods to synthesize and summarize the results

Answer 20

meta-analysis

Question 21

abstracts of systematic reviews more commonly include:

Answer 21

objective
data sources
study selection
data extraction and data synthesis

Question 22

a summary of medical literature that is focused on a specific topic. Selection of studies to be included in the review are subjective

Answer 22

focused review

Question 23

Downside of focused reviews (4)

Answer 23

• do not identify multiple database searches
• information based on evidence author has selected to support a position
• do not report quality of selected studies
• are subject to bias

Question 24

experimental design includes: (5)

Answer 24

• asking a clinical question
• assigning participants to a group (random or quasi)
• measures an outcome
• compares outcomes
• findings suggest causation

Question 25

quasi-experimental study lacks one or both:

Answer 25

- random assignment to groups | - control group

Question 26

findings are reported in numbers

Answer 26

quantitative

Question 27

findings are reported in descriptions

Answer 27

qualitative

Question 28

Descriptive designs ask questions of:

Answer 28

who, when, what, where, and how things are associated

Question 29

descriptive designs are used to:

Answer 29

obtain information concerning the current status of the phenomena and to describe "what exists" with respect to variables or conditions in a situation

Question 30

findings ________ suggest causation

Answer 30

do not

Question 31

types of quantitative descriptive studies (5)

Answer 31

- surveys - secondary analysis - correlational studies - cohort studies - case controlled studies

Question 32

seeks to describe, decode, translate, and otherwise come to terms with he meaning

Answer 32

qualitative study

Question 33

types of descriptive studies (4)

Answer 33

- grounded theory - phenomenology - ethnography - historical

Question 34

Step 1 of determining type of study

Answer 34

is it a review: - yes (filtered) - no (unfiltered)

Question 35

a study is a review and uses multiple databases

Answer 35

systematic

Question 36

Study is not a review, does it have interventions?

Answer 36

yes- experimental | no-descriptive

Question 37

if a study is not a review, has interventions, and is randomized

Answer 37

RCT

Question 38

a study is not a review, has interventions, but is not randomized

Answer 38

quasi-experiment study

Question 39

a study is not a review, does not have interventions, and reports findings in numbers

Answer 39

quantitative descriptive

Question 40

a study is not a review, does not have interventions, and reports findings as descriptions to describe a phenomena

Answer 40

qualitative descriptive

Question 41

a study is a review but does not use multiple databases

Answer 41

focused review